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Adaptação transcultural para o português e validação de duas ferramentas de avaliação das preferências do cliente em psicoterapia: C-NIP E PEX.P1
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Abstract(s)
Portugal é um dos países com maiores taxas de perturbações psicológicas e de consumo de
psicofármacos. Invariavelmente esta situação acarreta implicações nocivas ao país. Uma das
melhores formas de abordar este problema é através da psicoterapia, cuja eficácia tem sido
evidenciada em múltiplos estudos. Contudo, a psicoterapia enfrenta alguns problemas como
os resultados negativos e os abandonos prematuros dos clientes. Para combater estes
problemas a APA recomenda que a prática clinica seja baseada em evidências científicas,
incluindo a incorporação no tratamento das preferências que um cliente poderá ter em
psicoterapia. Alguns estudos empíricos indicaram que a incorporação das suas preferências na
prática clínica tem o potencial de optimizar os resultados psicoterapêuticos, reforçar a aliança
terapêutica e reduzir os abandonos prematuros. Dado que se constata que não existem
ferramentas na língua Portuguesa que apurem as preferências do cliente em psicoterapia, o
presente estudo adaptou transculturalmente duas ferramentas neste âmbito – o Inventário de
Preferências Cooper-Norcross (C-NIP) e o Questionário de Preferências e Expectativas
Psicoterapêuticas (PEX.P1). Os instrumentos adaptados foram aplicados numa amostra de
274 participantes fluentes na língua Portuguesa, a fim de investigar a validade do trabalho de
adaptação transcultural. As qualidades psicométricas foram avaliadas em termos de
sensibilidade psicométrica, validade de constructo e fiabilidade de constructo. O C-NIP
apresentou dificuldades nestes aspectos, pelo que, neste momento, recomendamos o seu uso
como forma de estabelecer o diálogo com o cliente sobre as suas preferências. Para uma
avaliação robusta das preferências do cliente em psicoterapia, recomendamos o PEX.P1, que
demonstrou boas qualidades psicométricas.
Portugal is one of the countries with the highest rates of psychological disorders and intaking of psychopharmacological drugs. Invariably, this situation produces harmful implications to the country. One of the best ways of approaching this problem is through psychotherapy, whose effectiveness has been evidenced in multiple studies. However, psychotherapy faces some problems, such as negative results and premature termination of treatment (dropouts). To fight these issues, APA has recommended that clincal practice be based on scientific evidence, including the incorporation of the preferences a client might have in psychotherapy. Some empirical studies have indicated that the incorporation of client preferences in clinical practice has the potential of producing better results, of reinforcing the therapeutic aliance and of reducing dropouts. Given that there are no instruments in the Portuguese language that evaluate client preferences in psychotherapy, the present study transculturally adapted two instruments of the sort – the Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) and the Psychotherapy Preferences and Experiences Questionnaire (PEX.P1). The adapted instruments were then applied to a Portuguese speaking sample of 274 participantes so as to investigate the validity of these transcultural adaptation efforts. The psychometric properties were assessed in terms of psychometric sensitivity, construct validity and construct reliability. Because the C-NIP presented difficulties regarding these aspects we recommend, for the time being, its use as a way of initiating a dialogue with the client about their preferences. For a robust measurement of client preferences in psychotherapy, we recommmend the use of the PEX.P1, which demonstrated good psychometric qualities.
Portugal is one of the countries with the highest rates of psychological disorders and intaking of psychopharmacological drugs. Invariably, this situation produces harmful implications to the country. One of the best ways of approaching this problem is through psychotherapy, whose effectiveness has been evidenced in multiple studies. However, psychotherapy faces some problems, such as negative results and premature termination of treatment (dropouts). To fight these issues, APA has recommended that clincal practice be based on scientific evidence, including the incorporation of the preferences a client might have in psychotherapy. Some empirical studies have indicated that the incorporation of client preferences in clinical practice has the potential of producing better results, of reinforcing the therapeutic aliance and of reducing dropouts. Given that there are no instruments in the Portuguese language that evaluate client preferences in psychotherapy, the present study transculturally adapted two instruments of the sort – the Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) and the Psychotherapy Preferences and Experiences Questionnaire (PEX.P1). The adapted instruments were then applied to a Portuguese speaking sample of 274 participantes so as to investigate the validity of these transcultural adaptation efforts. The psychometric properties were assessed in terms of psychometric sensitivity, construct validity and construct reliability. Because the C-NIP presented difficulties regarding these aspects we recommend, for the time being, its use as a way of initiating a dialogue with the client about their preferences. For a robust measurement of client preferences in psychotherapy, we recommmend the use of the PEX.P1, which demonstrated good psychometric qualities.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Preferências do cliente Preferências psicoterapêuticas Resultados psicoterapêuticos Aliança psicoterapêutica Psicometria Client preferences Psychotherapeutic preferences Psychotherapeutic results Psychotherapeutic alliance Psychometrics