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  • A new species of Calma Alder & Hancock, 1855 (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) with a review of the genus
    Publication . Calado, Gonçalo; Urgorry, Victoriano
    This paper presents the description of a new species of the genus Calma (Alder & Hancock, 1855). To date only one valid species, Calma glaucoides (Alder & Hancock, 1854), has been assigned to this genus, which feeds exclusively upon eggs of littoral teleost fishes. New morphological and ecological data, and review of the literature on the species attributed to this genus, lead us to conclude that there are two distinct species previously put together under the same specific name. Calma gobioophaga new species is described based upon consistent morphological differences, such as the diameter and position of the eyes, the size of the propodial tentacles, and the size of the metanefridium. Whereas Calma gobioophaga feeds on spawn of Gobius niger, Calma glaucoides feeds on eggs of Lepadogaster lepadogaster, Lepadogaster purpurea, Lepadogaster candollei, Parablennius gattorugine, and Parablennius pilicornis.
  • A revision of the status of Lepadogaster lepadogaster (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae): Sympatric subspecies or a long misunderstood blend of species?
    Publication . Henriques, Miguel; Lourenço, Rita; Almada, Frederico José Oliveira de; Calado, Gonçalo; Gonçalves, David; Gillemaud, Thomas; Cancela, M. Leonor; Almada, Vítor Carvalho
    Molecular (partial mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA sequences), morphological and meristic analysis of Lepadogaster lepadogaster lepadogaster, L. l. purpurea and L. zebrina were performed to investigate the relationships between these taxa. On the western shore of mainland Portugal, where the two subspecies of L. lepadogaster occur sympatrically, they differ in microhabitat preferences and their breeding seasons are largely out of phase. This information, combined with data on distribution patterns, led to the following conclusions: Lepadogaster l. purpurea is considered to be a valid species, L. purpurea (Bonnaterre, 1788), different from L. l. lepadogaster, now designated L. lepadogaster (Bonnaterre, 1788). L. zebrina was found to be a synonym of L. lepadogaster. The two newly defined species were found to be in sympatry at Madeira and the Canary islands, the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, and the Mediterranean at least as far as Genoa (Italy). Diagnostic characters and a list of synonyms are provided.
  • A revision of the status of Lepadogaster lepadogaster (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae): sympatric subspecies or a long misunderstood blend of species?
    Publication . Henriques, Miguel; Lourenço, Rita; Almada, Frederico José Oliveira de; Calado, Gonçalo; Gonçalves, David; Guillemaud, Thomas; Cancela, M. Leonor; Almada, Vitor Carvalho
    Molecular (partial mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA sequences), morphological and meristic analysis of Lepadogaster lepadogaster lepadogaster, L. l. purpurea and L. zebrina were performed to investigate the relationships between these taxa. On the western shore of mainland Portugal, where the two subspecies of L. lepadogaster occur sympatrically, they differ in microhabitat preferences and their breeding seasons are largely out of phase. This information, combined with data on distribution patterns, led to the following conclusions: Lepadogaster l. purpurea is considered to be a valid species, L. purpurea (Bonnaterre, 1788), different from L. l. lepadogaster, now designated L. lepadogaster (Bonnaterre, 1788). L. zebrina was found to be a synonym of L. lepadogaster. The two newly defined species were found to be in sympatry at Madeira and the Canary islands, the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, and the Mediterranean at least as far as Genoa (Italy). Diagnostic characters and a list of synonyms are provided.
  • A revision of the status of Lepadogaster lepadogaster (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae): sympatric subspecies or a long misunderstood blend of species?
    Publication . Henriques, Miguel; Lourenço, Rita; Almada, Frederico José Oliveira de; Calado, Gonçalo; Gonçalves, David; Guillemaud, Thomas; Cancela, M. Leonor; Almada, Victor Carvalho
    Molecular (partial mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA sequences), morphological and meristic analysis of Lepadogaster lepadogaster lepadogaster, L. l. purpurea and L. zebrina were performed to investigate the relationships between these taxa. On the western shore of mainland Portugal, where the two subspecies of L. lepadogaster occur sympatrically, they differ in microhabitat preferences and their breeding seasons are largely out of phase. This information, combined with data on distribution patterns, led to the following conclusions: Lepadogaster l. purpurea is considered to be a valid species, L. purpurea (Bonnaterre, 1788), different from L. l. lepadogaster, now designated L. lepadogaster (Bonnaterre, 1788). L. zebrina was found to be a synonym of L. lepadogaster. The two newly defined species were found to be in sympatry at Madeira and the Canary islands, the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, and the Mediterranean at least as far as Genoa (Italy). Diagnostic characters and a list of synonyms are provided. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2002, 76, 327–338.
  • A new species of Calma Alder & Hancock, 1855 (Gastropoda:Nudibranchia) with a review of the genus
    Publication . Calado, Gonçalo; Urgorri, Victoriano
    This paper presents the description of a new species of the genus Calma (Alder & Hancock, 1855). To date only one valid species, Calma glaucoides (Alder & Hancock, 1854), has been assigned to this genus, which feeds exclusively upon eggs of littoral teleost fishes. New morphological and ecological data, and review of the literature on the species attributed to this genus, lead us to conclude that there are two distinct species previously put together under the same specific name. Calma gobioophaga new species is described based upon consistent morphological differences, such as the diameter and position of the eyes, the size of the propodial tentacles, and the size of the metanefridium. Whereas Calma gobioophaga feeds on spawn of Gobius niger, Calma glaucoides feeds on eggs of Lepadogaster lepadogaster, Lepadogaster purpurea, Lepadogaster candollei, Parablennius gattorugine, and Parablennius pilicornis.