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- Emoções face à matemática e progressão na escolaridade : estudo longitudinal com alunos do 5º e 7º anos de escolaridadePublication . Mata, Maria de Lourdes Estorninho Neves; Peixoto, Francisco; Monteiro, Vera; Sanches, CristinaResumo: À medida que os alunos progridem na escolaridade enfrentam novos desafios que poderão ter influência nas emoções vivenciadas em contexto educativo. Para uma melhor compreensão desta problemática desenvolvemos um estudo longitudinal com o objetivo de estudar as emoções de alunos do 5º e 7º anos, face às aulas e testes de matemática, com a sua progressão na escolaridade. Em paralelo analisámos se o género e o desempenho a matemática introduziam alguma especificidade nas emoções vivenciadas. Participaram neste estudo 1266 alunos, que foram seguidos durante 3 anos e que no ano do início da recolha de dados 674 (53.2%) estavam no 5º ano e 592 (46.8%) no 7º ano de escolaridade. Os alunos responderam, uma vez por ano, a um questionário sobre as emoções que sentiam nas aulas e testes de matemática (aborrecimento, desânimo, zanga, ansiedade, prazer, orgulho, alívio). Os resultados apontam para um decréscimo global das emoções positivas e um aumento das emoções negativas. Contudo, mostram também que a ansiedade, a zanga e o alívio evidenciam um padrão diferente comparativamente às outras emoções com as mesmas valências. O desempenho e o grupo (5º/7º) também mostraram ser variáveis importantes para a compreensão das emoções com a progressão na escolaridade.
- The Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire: A study with Portuguese elementary school childrenPublication . Gomes, Marta; Monteiro, Vera; Mata, Lourdes; Peixoto, Francisco José Brito; Santos, Natalie; Sanches, CristinaBackground: Several studies have focused on the assessment of students’ motivation because this construct is very important to understand students’ learning and how to enhance it. The Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-A), based on the self-determination theory is a self-report instrument developed to access the reasons why students do their school work. However, there is no Portuguese version of this questionnaire for late elementary students. The primary goal of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of SRQ-A in the domain of Mathematics with elementary school children. Methods: Participants were 341 elementary school children ranging from 8 to 11 years old from the third and fourth grades. The Portuguese version of the SRQ-A included 24 items assessing four regulatory styles (external, introjected, identified, and intrinsic) in three behavioral categories (homework, classwork, and answering questions in mathematics lessons). To examine the psychometric properties of the instrument, we conducted an exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), measured gender and grade invariance, and calculated internal consistency indexes and temporal stability. Results: ESEM analyses supported the original multidimensional structure of the measure with four regulatory styles using a reduced version of the instrument with 16 items. Correlations between the four regulatory styles revealed a simplex pattern consistent with the continuum of self-determination theory. Results showed adequate internal consistency for all regulatory styles (α ≥ .73; CR ≥ .76) and temporal stability (4-month test-retest ≥ .43). The questionnaire showed measurement and structural invariance across gender and grade. Finally, some gender differences were observed; on average, boys scored higher than girls in external regulation. No differences were observed between grades. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the Portuguese version of the SRQ-A has good psychometric properties providing adequate support for its use in educational research on motivational styles, including studies concerning gender and grade differences in self-regulation.
- Mathematics: I don’t like it! I like it! Very much, a little, not at all... Social support and emotions in students from 2nd and 3rd cycles of educationPublication . Monteiro, Vera; Peixoto, Francisco; Mata, Maria de Lourdes Estorninho Neves; Sanches, CristinaAbstract: This research analyses achievement emotions and their relationship to perceived classroom support (teacher and peers) as well as the effects of grade, achievement and gender on emotions in a specific subject domain: mathematics. The participants were 1.494 Portuguese students from the sixth and eighth grades who were asked about their perceptions of teacher and peer support and their achievement emotions towards mathematics (Boredom, Hopelessness, Anger, Anxiety, Enjoyment, Pride and Relief) in two different settings (classroom and test). Results provide empirical evidence that student perceptions of classroom support were positively related to positive activating emotions and negatively related to negative emotions. Furthermore students with higher mathematics grades were found to have higher scores in positive emotions and lower scores in negative emotions in both classroom and test situations. A decrease in positive emotions and an increase of negative emotions in older students were also found. In regard to gender the analysis highlighted that positive class emotions were not significantly different, and show a significant effect on Anxiety with girls achieving higher scores than boys. In the test situation gender had a significant effect on Hopelessness, Anxiety and Relief, with girls showing higher scores than boys. For positive test emotions boys reported more Enjoyment and Pride than girls.
- Emotional profiles regarding maths among primary school children – A two-year longitudinal study.Publication . Mata, Lourdes; Monteiro, Vera; Peixoto, Francisco; Santos, Natalie Nóbrega; Sanches, Cristina; Gomes, Marta. . . Learning maths is challenging for many primary school students, and teachers must understand students’ learning and emotional processes specific to learning maths. The current research, grounded in control-value theory, focused on achievement emotions regarding maths. Primary school students (N = 71) were studied with the primary objective of examining the longitudinal trajectories of achievement emotions of third graders over two years. The Portuguese Achievement Emotions Questionnaire for Elementary Students was administered biannually to assess enjoyment, anxiety, and boredom regarding maths. The results indicate that enjoyment decreased and boredom increased over time, revealing three emotional profiles: positive, negative and moderate. The positive profile showed the highest scores in maths achievement. Profile membership was moderately stable and became increasingly stable and structured. In examining the complexity of students’ emotional profiles and processes, the importance of understanding them to enhance educational support, development, and learning was highlighted. .