Browsing by Author "Martins, Bruno"
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- Athletes Perception of Coaches’ Leadership Style and Tendency to Cooperate among Competitive Teams [Percepción de los deportistas sobre el estilo de liderazgo de los entrenadores y la tendencia a cooperar en equipos competitivos]Publication . Lameiras, João; Martins, Bruno; Almeida, Pedro Henrique Garcia Lopes de; García-Mas, Alexandre; Garcia-Mas, AlexandreThe purpose of the present study was to discover the relationships between athletes’ perceived coach behaviors during training and competition, and cooperation via Bayesian network (BN). Professional male atheletes from several team sports (N = 158) completed the Portuguese version of the Leadership Scale for Sport and the Questionário de Cooperação Desportiva to assess cooperation. Relationships were identified between perceived coach behaviors in training and competition environments and with athletes tendency to cooperate. Overall, the findings support that in sports, coaching behaviours congruent with the athletes’ individual needs and adapted to the situational demands may promote prosocial behaviour.
- Self-Determined Motivation and Competitive Anxiety in Athletes/Students: A Probabilistic Study Using Bayesian NetworksPublication . Ponseti, Francisco Javier; Almeida, Pedro Henrique Garcia Lopes de; Lameiras, João; Martins, Bruno; Olmedilla Zafra, Aurelio; López-Walle, Jeanette; Reyes, Orlando; Garcia Mas, AlexandreThis study attempts to analyze the relationship between two key psychological variables associated with performance in sports - Self-Determined Motivation and Competitive Anxiety - through Bayesian Networks (BN) analysis. We analyzed 674 university students that are athletes from 44 universities that competed at the University Games in Mexico, with an average age of 21 years (SD = 2.07) and with a mean of 8.61 years' (SD = 5.15) experience in sports. Methods: Regarding the data analysis, firstly, classification using the CHAID algorithm was carried out to determine the dependence links between variables; Secondly, a BN was developed to reduce the uncertainty in the relationships between the two key psychological variables. The validation of the BN revealed AUC values ranging from 0.5 to 0.92. Subsequently, various instantiations were performed with hypothetical values applied to the "bottom" variables. Results showed two probability trees that have extrinsic motivation and amotivation at the top, while the anxiety/activation due to worries about performance was at the bottom of the probabilities. The instantiations carried out support the existence of these probabilistic relationships, demonstrating their scarce influence on anxiety about competition generated by the intrinsic motivation, and the complex probabilistic effect of introjected and identified regulation regarding the appearance of anxiety due to worry about performance.
- Validation of the Portuguese Adaptation of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS-p)Publication . Lameiras, João; Almeida, Pedro Henrique Garcia Lopes de; Oliveira, João; Robert, Walan; Martins, Bruno; Hernández-Mendo, Antonio; Rosado, AntónioThe clear decline in the practice of physical activity (PA) in contemporary society has well-documented problematic consequences in public health. It has led to a clear investment of research e orts in the attempt to identify the psychological constructs associated with health behaviors such as PA, in particular, the motivation that leads people to adopt these behaviors. In this context, the objective of the present study is to present a suggestion of a Portuguese version of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS), denominated PALMS-p. This instrument evaluates the reasons for the practice of PA. The psychometric qualities of the instrument were evaluated in a sample of 234 participants (86 males, 148 females) who practiced di erent PA in a recreational context. Confirmatory factorial analysis confirmed the factorial robustness of the PALMS-p ( 2/df = 2.010 comparative fit index (CFI)=0.950, goodness of fit index (GFI)=0.855, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)=0.939 root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.021, P(RMSEA 0.05) < 0.001), and the results show that this version presents good internal consistency. The present study corroborates the fidelity and validity of PALMS-p as a motivation measure for the practice of PA in the Portuguese population.