Browsing by Author "Duarte, Eva"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Adolescents’ perceptions about non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation and suicide attemptsPublication . Duarte, Eva; Silva, Sofia; Pereira, MariaIntroduction: Non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal thoughts and behaviors present high prevalence rates in adolescence. Aims: This study aimed to describe adolescents’ perceptions about these phenomena, and to analyze and compare the differences of these perceptions among adolescents with and without a history of non-suicidal selfinjury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Methods: The convenience sample consisted of 452 adolescents in ages between 12 and 18 (M(SD) = 15.59(1.50), 48% male and 52% female. For data collection, the Free Association Test was used in a survey, and data was analyzed through content analysis. Results: Results showed that 10.8% of the participants presented a history of non-suicidal self-injury, 19.9% suicidal ideation, and 2.7% suicide attempts. Perceptions were grouped into eight dimensions: Consumption of Psychoactive Substances; Death/Suicide; Interpersonal Factors; Intrapersonal Factors; Moral Judgments; Negative Emotions; Psychological Functions; and Self-Injurious Methods. Further analysis revealed that adolescents with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts presented differences in their perceptions of these phenomena. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the understanding regarding the perceptions of adolescents about these phenomena and might have implications regarding their prevention and intervention.
- Development and Factorial Validation of the Inventory of Deliberate Self-Harm Behaviours for Portuguese AdolescentsPublication . Duarte, Eva; Pereira, Maria Gouveia; Gomes, Hugo S.Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a public health problem that mainly affects adolescents and young adults. Evidence suggests that multiple methods are used with a self-aggressive intent. The present article focuses on the development and factorial validation of the Inventory of Deliberate Self-harm Behaviours for Portuguese adolescents. This instrument assesses the lifetime frequency of 13 DSH methods, with and without suicidal intent. Study 1 consisted of an exploratory factor analysis with a sample of 131 adolescents with a reported history of DSH. Results revealed a three-factor structure with acceptable internal consistency: High Severity DSH, Mild Severity DSH, and Substance Use DSH. After item reduction, this structure was tested in Study 2 through a confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample of 109 adolescents also with a history of DSH. Results showed an acceptable model fit. This instrument presents a solid structure and acceptable psychometric properties, allowing its use in further research.
- Exploring the suicidal continuum: Deliberate self-harm diversity and severity as predictors of suicidal ideation and suicide attemptsPublication . Pereira, Maria Gouveia; Duarte, Eva; Gomes, Hugo; da Silva, Carolina Tendinha; Santos, NazaréDeliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescence is a predictor of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). However, there is still a lack of research systematizing the association between DSH and STBs. Therefore, our main goal was to analyze if DSH diversity and severity predicted suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Our sample comprised 237 Portuguese adolescents and young adults with a history of DSH, from community (80.2%, n = 190) and clinical (19.8%, n = 47) settings, aged between 14 and 23 years (M = 17.31, SD=1.36). Results showed that DSH diversity and severity were significant predictors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescence is a predictor of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). However, there is still a lack of research systematizing the association between DSH and STBs. Therefore, our main goal was to analyze if DSH diversity and severity predicted suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Our sample comprised 237 Portuguese adolescents and young adults with a history of DSH, from community (80.2%, n = 190) and clinical (19.8%, n = 47) settings, aged between 14 and 23 years (M = 17.31, SD=1.36). Results showed that DSH diversity and severity were significant predictors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescence is a predictor of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). However, there is still a lack of research systematizing the association between DSH and STBs. Therefore, our main goal was to analyze if DSH diversity and severity predicted suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Our sample comprised 237 Portuguese adolescents and young adults with a history of DSH, from community (80.2%, n = 190) and clinical (19.8%, n = 47) settings, aged between 14 and 23 years (M = 17.31, SD=1.36). Results showed that DSH diversity and severity were significant predictors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. These results were further discussed, underlining the impact that DSH has for suicide risk and highlighting the need to address further variables to understand these suicidality trajectories.
- From family conflicts to suicide risk through deliberate self-harm online content in adolescents and young adultsPublication . Fuschini, Beatriz; Duarte, Eva; P. Miranda, Mariana; Gouveia-Pereira, Mariaself-harm (DSH) and even suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Research also shows that adolescents are increasingly engaging in online DSH activities. However, studies on this topic are scarce. Aims: This study’s first goal is to replicate the effect of family conflicts on suicidal ideation (SI) and, according to the gateway theory, include DSH diversity as a step preceding SI. Second, we aim to consider online activities in understanding suicidal risk. We start by describing online DSH activities, and propose a sequential mediation model in which family conflicts predict DSH and SI through online DSH activities. Methods: The convenience sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 357 adolescents and young adults between 12 and 22 years old who completed a self-report questionnaire measuring family conflicts, online DSH activities, identification with DSH-related content creators, DSH, and suicidal ideation. Results: The results showed that 85.3% of our community sample used the internet for DSH-related purposes. Results also revealed an independent mediation effect of DSH diversity on the relationship between family conflicts and SI, and a sequential mediation effect of online DSH activities, identification, and DSH diversity. Conclusions: Engaging in online DSH activities is only predictive of DSH or SI if adolescents perceive a shared identity with this community of creators. The findings might yield implications regarding the design of prevention strategies that include a further supervision of online platforms and psychological interventions that incorporate the family system and peers
- How do families represent the functions of deliberate self-harm? A comparison between the social representations from Adolescents and Their ParentsPublication . Duarte, Eva; Pereira, M. Gouveia; Gomes, Hugo S.; Sampaio, DanielResearch has recognized the importance of understanding the social representations about the functions of deliberate self-harm, particularly in the context of clinical intervention. In addition, parents can play a relevant role in the rehabilitation of adolescents with these behaviors. However, there are few studies that focused on the description and comparison of the social representations about these functions, particularly in families. This article aimed to analyze the social representations about the functions of deliberate self-harm from adolescents and their parents. We developed two sets of analyses: first we compared the social representations from adolescents without a history of deliberate self-harm and their parents, and secondly we compared the social representations about the functions of deliberate self-harm from adolescents with a history of these behaviors and their parents' social representations. Results revealed significant differences between both groups of families, implying that the groups of participants represent the functions of deliberate self-harm differently. Overall, parents emphasized interpersonal functions and devalued intrapersonal functions. These differences were heightened in the families of adolescents with deliberate self-harm. The present article provides important insights regarding the social representations about the functions of deliberate self-harm and the differences between parents' social representations and their children experiences and social representations.
- Is suicidal intent present when adolescents engage in non-suicidal self-injury? A research notePublication . Duarte, Eva; Gomes, Hugo S.; Gouveia Pereira, M.Introduction Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behavior (SB) co-occur and are usually framed in a self-harm continuum, being differentiated according to several factors, including suicidal intent (SI). The current study aims to clarify if SI is present when adolescents engage in NSSI and, in addition, if these behaviors’ severity and diversity predict the presence of SI when adolescents engage in NSSI. Methods Data were collected through the administration of a self-report questionnaire to 295 adolescents and young adults aged between 13 and 22 years, with a lifetime prevalence of NSSI. Results Results revealed that a large proportion of participants who reported no previous SB still report SI when engaging in NSSI. Regarding the diversity and severity of NSSI, both variables predicted the presence of SI during NSSI. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that, although NSSI does not have underlying SI, it is often present when individuals practice these behaviors.
- Social representations about the functions of deliberate self-harm: Adolescents and parentsPublication . Duarte, Eva; Pereira, Maria Gouveia; Gomes, Hugo Miguel dos Santos; Sampaio, DanielThe understanding of the social representations about the functions of deliberate self-harm can be an important factor for the comprehension of this phenomenon. Nonetheless, only a few studies focused on this topic and specifically on the social representations from adolescents with and without a history of deliberate self-harm and their parents.
- Social representations about the functions of deliberate self-harm: Construction and validation of a Questionnaire for Portuguese AdolescentsPublication . Duarte, Eva; Pereira, Maria Gouveia; Gomes, Hugo Santos; Sampaio, DanielWith the increased awareness about deliberate self-harm, the understanding of its social representations can be important for clinical intervention and prevention. However, there is still a lack of instruments to assess the social representations of the functions of these behaviors. This research focuses on the validation of the Questionnaire of Representations of the Functions of Deliberate Self-Harm for adolescents with and without a history of these behaviors. The basis for this questionnaire was the translation and adaptation of the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury. To access adolescents' social representations, we conducted semidirective interviews and an analysis of the Portuguese written press, which complemented the questionnaire with new items and functions. Study 1 consisted of an exploratory factor analysis with a sample of 434 adolescents. Results revealed a 2-factor structure of interpersonal and intrapersonal dimensions. After item reduction, the factorial analysis of the independent functions showed acceptable psychometric values. This structure was corroborated in Study 2 by a confirmatory factor analysis with a new sample of 405 adolescents, which revealed an acceptable model fit. This questionnaire presents a relatively solid structure and is based on acceptable psychometric properties, which allows its use in future research.
- Unpacking the contribution of deliberate self-harm diversity to suicide risk among adolescentsPublication . Fuschini, Beatriz; Basto-Pereira, Miguel; Duarte, Eva; Pereira, MariaSuicidality is a multifaceted phenomenon affected by several multisystemic vulnerabilities, including demographic, psychopathological, and family factors. However, few studies have explored the contribution of specific features of deliberate self-harm (DSH) to suicide risk, particularly DSH diversity, while also accounting for other relevant explanatory family and mental health dimensions. The main goal of this study was to examine if DSH diversity predicts the risk for suicide in adolescents in the presence of sociodemographics, depressive symptoms, and family relationship characteristics. This study consisted of 437 Portuguese adolescents (53.8% male, 42.8% female, 3.4% non-binary; Mage= 15.2, SD = 1.87), of which 220 confirmed having a lifetime history of DSH. The participants completed a self-report questionnaire measuring depressive symptomatology, interparental conflicts, family communication, DSH, and suicidal ideation. A logistic regression analysis was conducted. Our multivariate model revealed that depressive symptoms, family communication, and DSH diversity are predictors of suicide risk in adolescents. The strongest predictor was depressive symptoms. The analyses indicated that our global model has excellent predictive validity to discriminate between those with and without suicide risk, and the inclusion of DSH diversity enhances the identification of these vulnerable youth. In addition, our results suggest that non-binary gender adolescents are particularly at risk. The set of characteristics we found that predict suicide risk highlights the multisystemic nature of this phenomenon: individual/ psychopathological and relational dimensions. We also underscore the need to be vigilant of adolescents’ number of used DSH behaviors. Our findings provide valuable information for developing multisystemic targeted interventions aimed at preventing and reducing suicide risk among adolescents.
- Young adults who self-harm: Barriers to and facilitators of seeking helpPublication . Florindo Salvador, Vanessa; Gouveia, MC; Simões, Beatriz; Duarte, EvaIn Portugal, the lifetime prevalence of DSH in adolescents is situated between 16% and 35% (Duarte et al., 2020a; Gouveia-Pereira et al., 2016). Help-seeking is an important facilitator to stop these behaviors, although it is known that most individuals who engage in self-harm do not ask for help (Rowe et al., 2014). Study one (n = 222) examines the differences between two groups of young adults with a history of deliberate self-harm (participants who asked for help and participants who did not ask for help) regarding these behaviors’ severity and diversity, suicidal ideation, and family conflicts. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire which included an open-ended question focused on the reasons that may or may not contribute for seeking help. Significant differences between the two groups were found for all variables and are further discussed, followed by a qualitative analysis concerning the help-seeking motives. Study two (n = 110) used a self-report questionnaire to analyze the expectations of young adults with a history of deliberate self-harm concerning their social support network and the role of healthcare workers when they asked or thought about asking for help. These expectations included contents related with problem-solving, confidentiality, understanding and trust, support, and unburdening. Identifying facilitators and barriers to help-seeking can be a relevant step in planning and managing interventions within deliberate self-harm. Future directions and limitations are discussed.