Browsing by Author "Costa, Joana"
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- Depression and physical disability in chronic pain: The mediation role of emotional intelligence and acceptancePublication . Costa, Joana; Maroco, João; Pinto-Gouveia, José; Ferreira, NunoEmotional intelligence (EI) and acceptance have previously been identified as potential factors in the adjustment to chronic pain (CP). This study examined the associations between CP experiences, depression, and physical disability. It further investigated the mediating effect of EI and acceptance in the relationship between CP experiences, depression, and physical disability and how this changes with the duration of the CP. Method: A cross-sectional design, employing validated questionnaires, was used to measure pain experience, physical disability, depression, EI, and acceptance in 133 CP patients. Results: All variables were found to be significantly associated in theoretically predicted ways. The relationship between CP experiences and depression was mediated by both factors, as high EI and acceptance promoted a decreased influence of pain on depression. By contrast, the relationship between CP experiences and physical disability was mediated by acceptance, but not by EI. Further, the temporal stability analysis of this mediation model showed that long-term CP patients are better able to make use of these factors. Conclusions: The relationship between the experience of pain and depression or physical disability seems to be significantly mediated by factors such as EI and acceptance. This study lends further support to the development of more encompassing models that take both control and non-control variables into account when conceptualising the adjustment to CP. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
- The first 2 years of rheumatoid arthritis : The influence of acceptance on pain, physical limitation and depressionPublication . Gouveia, José Augusto Pinto; Costa, Joana; Maroco, JoãoThe influence of acceptance in the progression of pain, physical limitation and depression was explored in the first 2 years of rheumatoid arthritis. Latent growth curve models showed significant increases in pain, physical limitation and depression. Besides that, the levels of pain and physical limitation at the baseline were associated with acceptance but not its progression across time. Therefore, patients with higher scores of acceptance reported less pain and physical limitation. The progression of depression was associated with acceptance; higher acceptance patients had slower growth rates of depression across time, even when pain and physical limitations increased. The inclusion of pain acceptance in clinical practice is discussed.
- Validation of the psychometric properties of acceptance and action questionnaire-II in clinical and nonclinical groups of portuguese populationPublication . Costa, Joana; Maroco, João; Gouveia, José Augusto Pinto; Galhardo, AnaThis study explores the factor structure of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II) in both clinical and general normative groups. It also examines the factorial invariance of a one-factor proposed model in both groups. Data was collected from the overall database of a Portuguese Cognitive and Behavioral Research Center (N= 687, 425 females; mean age= 36 years; SD= 11.33). Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported a one-factor structure with good internal consistencies and construct related validity. The one-factor solution was also supported with a second independent data set, which showed a configural, strict measurement and structural invariance of the one-factor solution proposed. Multigroup Confirmatory Factorial Analysis showed the configural invariance, weak measurement invariance and also structural invariance of the one-factor model of Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II across both groups under study. The one-factor model have both similar meanings and the same structure, but the measurement model in clinical and nonclinical groups was not the same. Toxic influences of experiencial avoidance as a core mechanism in the development and maintenance of several clinical disorders, may explain why the AAQ-II does not operate equivalently across clinical and nonclinical groups.
- Validation of the psychometric properties of cognitive fusion questionnaire. A study of the factorial validity and factorial invariance of the measure among osteoarticular disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, depressive disorder, and general populationsPublication . Costa, Joana; Maroco, João; Pinto-Gouveia, JoséBackground The cognitive fusion questionnaire (CFQ) is a self‐report questionnaire that assesses the extent to which individuals are psychologically entangled with, and dominated by the form–content of their thoughts. The aim of this study was to replicate the factor structure of CFQ in osteoarticular disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, depressive disorder, and normative population. It further examined the factorial invariance of the CFQ across these 5 groups. Method Data from 299 participants (N General Population = 67, N Osteoarticular Disease = 73, N Diabetes Mellitus = 47, N Depressive Disorder = 45, and N Obesity = 60) were subjected to confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) to replicate the structural model of CFQ dimensionality. Results CFA supported a 1‐factor structure with good internal consistency and construct related validity. The 1‐factor solution was also supported by a second independent data set, which showed a configural, strict measurement, and structural invariance of the 1‐factor solution proposed. Multigroup CFA showed the configural invariance, strict measurement invariance, and structural invariance of CFQ across the 5 groups under study. Conclusions The unidimensional model has both similar meanings and the same structure, but the measurement model across the groups was not the same. The study provides the first approach to CFQ to Portuguese population, as a reliable tool of general cognitive fusion. Furthermore, results indicated that CFQ has a coherent structure across multiple samples and clinical utility, as it discriminate individuals with psychological distress from those who do not.
- Validation of the psychometric properties of the self‐compassion scale. Testing the factorial validity and factorial invariance of the measure among borderline personality disorder, anxiety disorder, eating disorder and general populationsPublication . Costa, Joana; Maroco, João; Gouveia, José Augusto Pinto; Ferreira, Cláudia; Castilho, PaulaBackground: During the last years, there has been a growing interest in self-compassion. Empirical evidences show that self-compassion is associated with psychological benefits among young adults and it might be considered a buffer factor in several mental disorders. Aims: The aim of this study was to validate the psychometric properties of the Self-compassion Scale (SCS: Neff, 2003a) after the initial lack of replicating the original six-factor structure. Method: Data were collected from the overall database of a research centre (56 men and 305 women; mean age = 25.19) and comprised four groups: borderline personality disorder, anxiety disorder, eating disorder and general population. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor model (self-compassionate attitude versus self-critical attitude) with good internal consistencies, construct-related validity and external validity. Configural, weak measurement and structural invariance of the two-factor model of SCS were also shown. Conclusions: Findings support the generalizability of the two-factor model and show that both properties and interpretations of scores on self-compassion are equivalent across these population groups.