Browsing by Author "Almeida, Isabel Maria Paola Rosa Reich de"
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- "Uncovering plasticity of binocular function: Infantile esotropia and brain in teenhood and early adulthood"Publication . Almeida, Isabel Maria Paola Rosa Reich deObjective: to determine the possibility of functional results in patients with infantile and longstanding esotropia, with no previous signs of binocularity and well above the conventionally accepted age for sensorial recovery Design: Retrospective observational cohort study Participants: 45 patients with infantile and long-standing esotropia Methods: Patients who were operated with at least 6 years of follow-up and obtained binocularity above 9 years of age, were enrolled. Medical records were reviewed and evaluated, including outcomes and parameters being analyzed. Main outcome measures: Level and age of emergence of stereopsis, visual acuity, final stable alignement and length of follow-up. Results: Amblyopia was treated with normal isoacuity, the majority reached a stage of fusion in real space ( 62.2%), fusion and stereopsis in 14 patients (31.1% and only 3 remained with simultaneous perception (6.7%). The time lag between the first appointment and first signs of binocularity varied between 5-16 years and follow-up between 6-36 years. Conclusion: Cases that might otherwise be seen as of psycho-social outcome may achieve a functional rehabilitation, even after a follow-up as long as 16 years, something that is relevant in a disease like strabismus that affects 2-5 % of the population in Europe and the USA.. This can be far-reaching in consequences not only for patients but for their social role and integration, thus for quality of life. It also reinforces the notion of brain and visual system plasticity well above the accepted (7 years of age) period of recovery.