Loading...
Publication
Estudo exploratório sobre fatores associados à adesão ao tratamento em pessoas com VIH com uma metodologia mista
Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A adesão ao tratamento ao VIH é de extrema importância, no entanto, variáveis relacionadas como a relação entre paciente e médico, nível de literacia, qualidade de vida, podem contribuir para uma menor adesão.
Objetivo: O estudo tem como principal objetivo, identificar e analisar o impacto dos fatores sociodemográficos, da relação entre paciente e médico, da qualidade de vida (QdV) e do nível da literacia na adesão ao Tratamento AntiRretroviral (TARV) em pessoas que vivem com VIH numa amostra comunitária.
Método: O estudo sobre os fatores associados à adesão ao tratamento, em pessoas com VIH, é classificado como um estudo exploratório de métodos mistos. Uma parte qualitativa (grupo focal) e outra quantitativa (questionários) numa amostra de 94 adultos, sendo 44,70% do sexo masculino e 55,30% do sexo feminino, tendo os inquiridos preenchido dois questionários. Numa segunda fase foram feitos quatro grupos focais com o total de 24 adultos (50% do sexo masculino e 50% do feminino) com diagnóstico de VIH. Os critérios de inclusão do estudo foram: i) a idade dos participantes, igual ou superior a 18 anos e inferior a 65 anos, ii) não apresentarem perturbações psicológicas, iii) serem capazes de fornecer consentimento informado e iv) período mínimo de TARV de seis meses.
Resultado: Verificou-se que os resultados no geral demonstraram que nenhuma variável estudada estava correlacionada com a adesão.
Conclusão: Esses resultados justificam-se pelo facto da amostra apresentada ser comunitária, relativamente pequena, e apresentar um elevado nível de adesão.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: It is the extreme importance the adherence to the HIV treatment, however, variables related to the relationship between patient and doctor, level of literacy, quality of life, can contribute to a lower adherence. Objective: The study has as a main objective, identify and analyze the impact of sociodemographic factors, the relationship between patient and doctor, quality of life (QoL) and level of literacy on adherence to Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV in a community sample. Method: The study of associated factors with adherence to the treatment in people with HIV is classified as an exploratory study of mixed methods. A qualitative part (focus group) and other quantitative (questionnaires) in a sample of 94 adults, with 44.70% males and 55.30% females having completed two questionnaires. In a second phase were made four focus groups with a total of 24 adults (50% male and 50% female) with HIV diagnosis. The study inclusion criteria were: i) age of the participants, equal to and superior of 18 years old and less than 65 years old, ii) showing no psychological disorders, iii) capable of providing informed consent and iv) six months the minimum period of ART. Result: It was verified that the results as a overall demonstrate that no significant variable studied was correlated with adherence. Conclusion: These results are justified by the fact that the sample presented being communitarian, relatively small and present high level of adherence.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: It is the extreme importance the adherence to the HIV treatment, however, variables related to the relationship between patient and doctor, level of literacy, quality of life, can contribute to a lower adherence. Objective: The study has as a main objective, identify and analyze the impact of sociodemographic factors, the relationship between patient and doctor, quality of life (QoL) and level of literacy on adherence to Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV in a community sample. Method: The study of associated factors with adherence to the treatment in people with HIV is classified as an exploratory study of mixed methods. A qualitative part (focus group) and other quantitative (questionnaires) in a sample of 94 adults, with 44.70% males and 55.30% females having completed two questionnaires. In a second phase were made four focus groups with a total of 24 adults (50% male and 50% female) with HIV diagnosis. The study inclusion criteria were: i) age of the participants, equal to and superior of 18 years old and less than 65 years old, ii) showing no psychological disorders, iii) capable of providing informed consent and iv) six months the minimum period of ART. Result: It was verified that the results as a overall demonstrate that no significant variable studied was correlated with adherence. Conclusion: These results are justified by the fact that the sample presented being communitarian, relatively small and present high level of adherence.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao ISPA – Instituto Universitário
Keywords
VIH Adesão Relação paciente-médico Literacia HIV Adherence Doctor patient relationship Literacy