Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As Perturbações de Ansiedade acarretam uma sobrecarga tanto a nível económico como a nível
social. Mais ainda, correspondem ao grupo de perturbações que apresenta uma prevalência mais
elevada em Portugal, sendo que, 16.5% da população Portuguesa apresenta Perturbações de
Ansiedade.
Desta forma, o problema em estudo prende-se com a necessidade de analisar se desde a
introdução do Manual de Diagnóstico e Estatística das Perturbações Mentais (DSM) em 1952,
até à sua mais recente edição, publicada em 2013, nomeadamente, o DSM-5, verifica-se uma
crescente diferenciação na nosografia das perturbações, em geral, e das Perturbações de
Ansiedade, em particular, e compreender se a multiplicação das mesmas é justificável. Para tal,
a ênfase será colocada no DSM-5 e nas semelhanças entre diferentes Perturbações Ansiosas.
Também, de forma a aprofundar esta ideia, pretende-se analisar as intervenções
psicoterapêuticas no âmbito destas perturbações, para que se possa constatar as semelhanças
existentes no tratamento de diferentes categorias de Perturbações Ansiosas.
Em conclusão, foi possível confirmar que, existe de facto uma tendência ao longo dos DSM’s
em distinguir sintomas e, desta forma, diferenciar e multiplicar perturbações. Constatou-se,
também, que as Perturbações de Ansiedade apresentam níveis cada vez mais fracos no que
respeita à sua validade discriminante e fiabilidade, e por outro lado, elevada comorbilidade
entre si. Mais ainda, são muitas as semelhanças ao nível das características de diagnóstico,
desenvolvimento e curso, e factores de risco e de prognóstico, entre as Perturbações de
Ansiedade. Por fim, verificaram-se semelhanças nas intervenções psicoterapêuticas, tanto a
nível psicofarmacológico, cognitivo-comportamental, como psicodinâmico, para o tratamento
de diferentes Perturbações de Ansiedade.
ABSTRACT: Anxiety Disorders entails a burden in both an economic and social level. Moreover, these correspond to the group of disorders with a higher prevalence in Portugal, where 16.5% of the population presents Anxiety Disorders. That said, the problema in study concerns the need to analyze if since the introduction of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in 1952, to its most recent edition, published in 2013, DSM-5, there is a growing differentiation in the nosography of disorders, in general, and Anxiety Disorders, in particular, and understand whether this multiplication of disorders is justified or not. To this end, emphasis will be placed on DSM-5 and the similarities between different Anxiety Disorders. Also, in order to deepen this idea, it is intend to analyze the psychotherapeutic interventions regarding these disorders, so that the similarities in the treatment of different categories of Anxiety Disorders can be observed. In conclusion, it was possible to confirm that there is indeed a tendency over the DSM’s to distinguish symptoms and, thus, differentiate and multiply disorders. It was also found that Anxiety Disorders have increasingly low levels regarding its discriminant validity and reliability, and on the other hand, show high comorbidity among them. Moreover, there are many similarities in terms of diagnostic features, development and course, and risk and prognosis factors among Anxiety Disorders. Finally, there are similarities regarding psychotherapeutic interventions, both in a psychopharmacological, cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic level, in the treatment of different Anxiety Disorders.
ABSTRACT: Anxiety Disorders entails a burden in both an economic and social level. Moreover, these correspond to the group of disorders with a higher prevalence in Portugal, where 16.5% of the population presents Anxiety Disorders. That said, the problema in study concerns the need to analyze if since the introduction of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in 1952, to its most recent edition, published in 2013, DSM-5, there is a growing differentiation in the nosography of disorders, in general, and Anxiety Disorders, in particular, and understand whether this multiplication of disorders is justified or not. To this end, emphasis will be placed on DSM-5 and the similarities between different Anxiety Disorders. Also, in order to deepen this idea, it is intend to analyze the psychotherapeutic interventions regarding these disorders, so that the similarities in the treatment of different categories of Anxiety Disorders can be observed. In conclusion, it was possible to confirm that there is indeed a tendency over the DSM’s to distinguish symptoms and, thus, differentiate and multiply disorders. It was also found that Anxiety Disorders have increasingly low levels regarding its discriminant validity and reliability, and on the other hand, show high comorbidity among them. Moreover, there are many similarities in terms of diagnostic features, development and course, and risk and prognosis factors among Anxiety Disorders. Finally, there are similarities regarding psychotherapeutic interventions, both in a psychopharmacological, cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic level, in the treatment of different Anxiety Disorders.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Perturbações de ansiedade Nosografia DSM-5 Intervenções psicoterapêuticas Anxiety disorders Nosography DSM-5 Psychotherapeutic interventions