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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Este artigo tem dois objectivos centrais. Primeiro, analisar as emoções positivas e negativas que as crianças
atribuem a transgressores de normas morais em
duas condições distintas (i.e., factual e descritiva;
deôntica e prescritiva). Segundo, relacionar estas emoções
com uma medida de comportamento pró-social
das crianças numa situação de altruísmo. Cinquenta e
quatro crianças de dois níveis etários (i.e., 5-6 anos; 8-
-9 anos) foram (a) confrontadas com três exemplos de
transgressões morais; (b) solicitadas a atribuir emoções
positivas ou negativas ao transgressor em ambas
as condições; e (c) colocadas depois numa situação
onde podiam doar algumas das guloseimas recebidas
pela sua participação na investigação. Os resultados
mostram que (1) o número de vitimizadores felizes
(i.e., crianças que pensam que o vitimizador se sentiu
bem depois de ter cometido a transgressão) foi muito
menor na condição deôntica que na factual; (2) esta
diferença foi mais acentuada nas crianças mais velhas
que nas mais jovens; e (3) não houve qualquer relação
significativa entre o tipo de emoções atribuídas pelas
crianças e o seu comportamento altruísta na situação
de dádiva anónima. São ainda discutidas as implicações
destes resultados para uma melhor compreensão
das emoções morais na criança, de dados contraditórios
neste tema de pesquisa e de teses relativamente
opostas de teorias actuais de desenvolvimento moral
no que à competência moral da criança diz respeito.
This study examines children’s attributions of positive and negative emotions to victimizers in an «is» or factual, and in an «ought» or deontic condition, and relates such emotions with a measure of children’s prosocial behavior in an opportunity-to-donate situation. Fifty-four children from two age levels (i.e., 5- to 6-year-olds, and 8- to 9-year-olds) were presented with three moral transgressions, and asked to attribute positive or negative emotions to the victimizer in such conditions. They were then given an opportunity-to-donate situation in which they might donate some of the goods they had received for their participation in the study. The results show that (1) the number of happy victimizers was much lower in the deontic than the factual condition; (2) this difference was greater among the older than the younger children; and (3) there was no significant relationship between children’s pattern of emotion-attribution (i.e., positive or negative) and their prosocial behavior. These findings have important implications for a better understanding of (a) children’s conceptions of moral emotions; (b) some of the contradictory findings in this area of research; and (c) the somehow different claims of present- day theories of development as far as the child’s moral competence is concerned.
This study examines children’s attributions of positive and negative emotions to victimizers in an «is» or factual, and in an «ought» or deontic condition, and relates such emotions with a measure of children’s prosocial behavior in an opportunity-to-donate situation. Fifty-four children from two age levels (i.e., 5- to 6-year-olds, and 8- to 9-year-olds) were presented with three moral transgressions, and asked to attribute positive or negative emotions to the victimizer in such conditions. They were then given an opportunity-to-donate situation in which they might donate some of the goods they had received for their participation in the study. The results show that (1) the number of happy victimizers was much lower in the deontic than the factual condition; (2) this difference was greater among the older than the younger children; and (3) there was no significant relationship between children’s pattern of emotion-attribution (i.e., positive or negative) and their prosocial behavior. These findings have important implications for a better understanding of (a) children’s conceptions of moral emotions; (b) some of the contradictory findings in this area of research; and (c) the somehow different claims of present- day theories of development as far as the child’s moral competence is concerned.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Emoções morais Vitimizadores felizes Desenvolvimento Crianças Moral emotions Happy victimizers Development Children
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Análise Psicológica, 1(18), 71-85.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada
