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Viajar no tempo com a música: Indução do humor através da música e as narrativas autobiográficas
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Abstract(s)
Pela sua relevância na identidade, sentido de vida e relações estabelecidas, as memórias autobiográficas constituem um elemento essencial na compreensão do ser humano. As narrativas verbais de acontecimentos autobiográficos constituem um processo de conversão de memórias autobiográficas em palavras, que permitem uma melhor integração das experiências individuais e subjetivas de cada um, a par da sua comunicação. Para além disso, essa transformação de memórias em palavras permite o estudo das mesmas. O objetivo desta investigação foi estudar a influência da indução do humor através da música (triste/alegre) nas narrativas de acontecimentos autobiográficos. Foi aplicado um protocolo constituído pela Tarefa de Narrativas Autobiográficas, Escala de Avaliação Emocional, Inventário de Depressão de Beck, Inventário de Ansiedade Estado e Traço, Escala de Desejabilidade Social, Escala de Vinculação do Adulto e Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos, a uma amostra de 66 sujeitos, estudantes universitários. Metade dos participantes foi sujeito à audição de uma Música Triste e a outra metade à audição de uma Música Alegre. Foi encontrado um efeito de congruência das valências emocionais dos estados afetivos reportados depois da audição das músicas tanto em relação à valência emocional da música, como à valência emocional da narrativa autobiográfica. Não foram encontradas diferenças nas valências emocionais das narrativas entre indivíduos com e sem sintomatologia psicopatológica, nem entre padrões de vinculação seguros/inseguros. Foi encontrada uma diferença no número de palavras usado em narrativas emocionalmente ambivalentes relativamente às puramente negativas ou positivas. Analisou-se e discutiu-se, à luz da literatura existente, o conteúdo das narrativas.
Because of their impact in self-identity, meaning of life and establishment of relationships, autobiographical memories are an essential element when one tries to understand the human being. Verbal narratives of autobiographical events constitute a converting process of memories into words, which allows a better integration of individual and subjective experiences, along with communication. Moreover, the transformation of memories into words allows their study. The aim of this research was to study the influence of mood induction through music (sad/cheerful) in narratives of autobiographical events. An investigating protocol formed by the Autobiographical Narrative Task, Emotional Assessment Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Social Desirability Scale, Adult Attachment Scale, and Brief Symptom Inventory was applied to a sample of 66 subjects, all university students. Half of them were exposed to the cheerful music, and the other half to the sad music. It was found a congruence effect between the emotional valences of the affective states reported after the hearing of the music and both the emotional valence of the song and the emotional valence of the narrative given. No differences were found in the emotional valences between individuals with/without psychopathology, neither between secure/insecure attachment patterns. A difference was found in the number of words used in autobiographical narratives between emotional ambivalent narratives and purely negative or positive narratives. In the light of preexistent findings, the content of the narratives was analyzed and discussed.
Because of their impact in self-identity, meaning of life and establishment of relationships, autobiographical memories are an essential element when one tries to understand the human being. Verbal narratives of autobiographical events constitute a converting process of memories into words, which allows a better integration of individual and subjective experiences, along with communication. Moreover, the transformation of memories into words allows their study. The aim of this research was to study the influence of mood induction through music (sad/cheerful) in narratives of autobiographical events. An investigating protocol formed by the Autobiographical Narrative Task, Emotional Assessment Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Social Desirability Scale, Adult Attachment Scale, and Brief Symptom Inventory was applied to a sample of 66 subjects, all university students. Half of them were exposed to the cheerful music, and the other half to the sad music. It was found a congruence effect between the emotional valences of the affective states reported after the hearing of the music and both the emotional valence of the song and the emotional valence of the narrative given. No differences were found in the emotional valences between individuals with/without psychopathology, neither between secure/insecure attachment patterns. A difference was found in the number of words used in autobiographical narratives between emotional ambivalent narratives and purely negative or positive narratives. In the light of preexistent findings, the content of the narratives was analyzed and discussed.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Memórias autobiográficas Narrativas autobiográficas Indução do humor através da música Valência emocional Autobiographical memories Autobiographical narratives Mood induction through music Emotional valence