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Dor sem espaço: Narrativas de sobreviventes sobre o suicídio de um familiar
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Resumo(s)
O suicídio constitui uma realidade complexa e de grande impacto clínico, afetando profundamente os sobreviventes enlutados por suicídio. Apesar do reconhecimento do sofrimento singular destas pessoas, a compreensão aprofundada das suas narrativas e vivências
permanece limitada na literatura, sobretudo no contexto familiar e clínico. Esta investigação qualitativa, de cariz exploratório, teve como objetivo compreender como os sobreviventes constroem e narram o impacto da experiência do suicídio ao longo de um continuum temporal.
Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-diretivas a 12 sobreviventes do género feminino, com idades entre os 22 e os 63 anos (M = 37.6; DP = 14.5), todas enlutadas por suicídio de familiares próximos. Os graus de parentesco e vínculos emocionais com a pessoa que morreu por suicídio foram diversos, incluindo pais, filhos, irmãos, primos, netos e cônjuges. Os dados obtidos foram analisados através de análise temática reflexiva, tendo emergido cinco eixos principais: (1)
antecedentes do suicídio; (2) caracterização do acontecimento; (3) impacto intrapessoal – no sobrevivente; (4) impacto interpessoal – na família; e (5) narrativas pessoais e familiares – explorando as trajetórias e processos subjetivos do luto, os sentidos atuais atribuídos à perda e
as representações das dinâmicas familiares, tal como são narradas pelas participantes. Os resultados revelaram que a exposição ao suicídio de um familiar pode resultar em traumas, sentimentos de culpa, estigma e silêncios familiares, mas também em esforços de
ressignificação, crescimento e transformação. Este estudo reforça a importância da existência de práticas clínicas sensíveis ao trauma e do desenvolvimento de estratégias de pósvenção
Suicide constitutes a complex phenomenon with significant clinical implications, deeply affecting family members bereaved by suicide. Despite increasing recognition of the singular suffering of these individuals, a deeper understanding of their narratives and lived experiences remains limited in literature, particularly within familial and clinical contexts. This qualitative, exploratory study aimed to understand how survivors construct and narrate the impact of the suicide experience over a temporal continuum. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 female survivors, aged between 22 and 63 years (M = 37.6; SD = 14.5), all bereaved by the suicide of close family members. The degrees of kinship and emotional bonds with the deceased varied, including parents, children, siblings, cousins, grandchildren, and spouses. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, resulting in five main thematic axes: (1) antecedents of suicide; (2) characterization of suicide; (3) intrapersonal impact – on the survivor; (4) interpersonal impact – on the family; and (5) personal and family narratives – exploring subjective trajectories and processes of grief, meanings attributed to the loss, and representations of family dynamics, as narrated by the participants. The findings revealed that exposure to a relative’s suicide can result in trauma, guilt, stigma, and family silences, but also in efforts toward meaning-making, growth, and transformation. This study inderscores the relevance of trauma-informed clinical practices and the need for structured postvention strategies.
Suicide constitutes a complex phenomenon with significant clinical implications, deeply affecting family members bereaved by suicide. Despite increasing recognition of the singular suffering of these individuals, a deeper understanding of their narratives and lived experiences remains limited in literature, particularly within familial and clinical contexts. This qualitative, exploratory study aimed to understand how survivors construct and narrate the impact of the suicide experience over a temporal continuum. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 female survivors, aged between 22 and 63 years (M = 37.6; SD = 14.5), all bereaved by the suicide of close family members. The degrees of kinship and emotional bonds with the deceased varied, including parents, children, siblings, cousins, grandchildren, and spouses. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, resulting in five main thematic axes: (1) antecedents of suicide; (2) characterization of suicide; (3) intrapersonal impact – on the survivor; (4) interpersonal impact – on the family; and (5) personal and family narratives – exploring subjective trajectories and processes of grief, meanings attributed to the loss, and representations of family dynamics, as narrated by the participants. The findings revealed that exposure to a relative’s suicide can result in trauma, guilt, stigma, and family silences, but also in efforts toward meaning-making, growth, and transformation. This study inderscores the relevance of trauma-informed clinical practices and the need for structured postvention strategies.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Palavras-chave
Luto por suicídio Sobreviventes Família Narrativa Investigação qualitativa Bereavement Suicide-loss survivors Family Narrative Qualitative research