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Intervenção psicológica a migrantes: Normas e práticas de profissionais de saúde mental de acordo commodelos teóricos e anos de experiência
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| 1.27 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A experiência migratória está associada a riscos para a saúde mental, e o aumento
do número de migrantes por todo o mundo torna necessário que os profissionais de saúde
deem atenção a esta população. No conjunto de dois estudos, propusemos um novo
instrumento para avaliar normas e práticas de intervenção psicológica/psicoterapêutica
com migrantes. Exploramos também as diferenças entre normas prescritivas e a prática
clínica com migrantes e as variações de acordo com o percurso profissional dos
profissionais de saúde mental, incluindo a abordagem teórica e os anos de experiência
(geral e com migrantes). Para isto, realizamos um primeiro estudo com especialistas para
validação de conteúdo dos itens desenvolvidos. No estudo 2, aplicou-se o Questionário
de Normas e Práticas de Intervenção Psicológica/Psicoterapêutica com Migrantes
(QNPIPM) a 169 profissionais de saúde mental. A solução fatorial encontrada passa por
três fatores respeitantes à formação teórica, adaptações da técnica e fatores do
profissional. Os resultados indicam que, embora os profissionais de saúde mental
reconheçam a importância de implementar as estratégias culturalmente sensíveis, a
tradução para a prática clínica é menor. Para além disso, exploramos as diferenças entre
práticas e normas de acordo com os modelos teóricos de referência dos profissionais. Já
os anos de experiência não demonstraram qualquer influência para norma prescritiva e
para prática. Os resultados tem implicações diretas para a formação e capacitação de
profissionais de saúde mental, enfatizando a necessidade de formação contínua promotora
de competência e humildade culturais.
ABSTRACT: The migration experience is associated with mental health risks, and the growing number of migrants worldwide makes it necessary that healthcare professionals pay attention to this population. In a set of two studies, we proposed a new instrument to assess norms and practices in psychological/psychotherapeutic interventions with migrants. We also explored the differences between prescriptive norms and clinical practice with migrants, as well as variations based on the professional background of mental health practitioners, including theoretical approach and years of experience (both general and with migrants). To this end, we conducted a first study with experts for content validation of the developed items. In Study 2, the Questionnaire of Norms and Practices in Psychological/Psychotherapeutic Interventions with Migrants (QNPIPM) was applied to 169 mental health professionals. The solution identified factor includes three factors related to theoretical training, technique adaptations, and practitioner factors. The results indicate that although mental health professionals recognize the importance of implementing culturally sensitive strategies, the translation into clinical practice is less evident. Additionally, we explored differences between practices and norms according to practitioners' theoretical models. Years of experience, however, showed no influence on prescriptive norms or practice. These findings have direct implications for the training and capacity building of mental health professionals, emphasizing the need for continuous education promoting cultural competence and humility.
ABSTRACT: The migration experience is associated with mental health risks, and the growing number of migrants worldwide makes it necessary that healthcare professionals pay attention to this population. In a set of two studies, we proposed a new instrument to assess norms and practices in psychological/psychotherapeutic interventions with migrants. We also explored the differences between prescriptive norms and clinical practice with migrants, as well as variations based on the professional background of mental health practitioners, including theoretical approach and years of experience (both general and with migrants). To this end, we conducted a first study with experts for content validation of the developed items. In Study 2, the Questionnaire of Norms and Practices in Psychological/Psychotherapeutic Interventions with Migrants (QNPIPM) was applied to 169 mental health professionals. The solution identified factor includes three factors related to theoretical training, technique adaptations, and practitioner factors. The results indicate that although mental health professionals recognize the importance of implementing culturally sensitive strategies, the translation into clinical practice is less evident. Additionally, we explored differences between practices and norms according to practitioners' theoretical models. Years of experience, however, showed no influence on prescriptive norms or practice. These findings have direct implications for the training and capacity building of mental health professionals, emphasizing the need for continuous education promoting cultural competence and humility.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau
de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Normas sociais Intervenção psicológica Migrantes Modelo teórico Anos de experiência Social norms Psychological intervention Migrants Theoretical model Years of experience