Loading...
Publication
Comportamentos protetores da transmissão do vírus sars-cov-2: estudo por inquérito
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: No combate a uma pandemia é crucial a realização de estudos populacionais
que avaliem os comportamentos individuais de prevenção da transmissão do vírus à luz
dos modelos explicativos dos comportamentos. Objetivo: Este trabalho teve como
objetivo principal avaliar, com base no modelo COM-B (capacidade, oportunidade e
motivação), as principais barreiras e facilitadores da adoção ou não dos comportamentos
protetores da transmissão do SARS-CoV-2. Método: Quanto à metodologia, tratou-se de
um estudo transversal. Foi utilizado como instrumento um questionário online, construído
com base no modelo COM-B, através da plataforma Microsoft Forms, aplicado a uma
amostra da população portuguesa recolhida por conveniência. Participaram 353
indivíduos, sendo 261 (74%) do sexo feminino, 89 (25%) do sexo masculino e 3
preferiram não responder a essa questão (1%). A média de idade da amostra foi de 37,75%
anos, com idades entre 18 e 72 anos. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e correlações
bivariadas. Resultados: O comportamento de prevenção ao vírus relatado como mais
difícil de realizar foi o distanciamento social (43,3%) e o comportamento indicado por
um maior número de indivíduos como mais fácil de realizar foi o uso da máscara (56,1%).
O fator do modelo COM-B que atua como barreira para a execução dos comportamentos
de saúde parece ser a Capacidade Psicológica e os principais facilitadores a Capacidade
Física e a Capacidade Psicológica. Conclusão: O conhecimento sobre os determinantes
comportamentais da adoção ou não adoção dos comportamentos de prevenção de
transmissão de vírus é essencial para o desenvolvimento de intervenções de saúde pública
adequadas.
Introduction: In the fight against a pandemic, it’s crucial to carry out population studies that assess individual behaviors to prevent the transmission of the virus in the light of explanatory models of the behaviors. Objective: The main objective of this work was to evaluate, based on the COM-B model (capacity, opportunity and motivation), the main barriers and facilitators of the adoption or not of protective behaviors of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Method: As for the methodology, it was a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire. An online questionnaire was used as an instrument, built on the COM-B model, through the Microsoft Forms platform, applied to a sample of the Portuguese population collected for convenience. A total of 353 individuals participated in this study, 261 (74%) were female, 89 (25%) were male and 3 preferred not to answer this question (1%). The mean age of the sample was 37.75% years, aged between 18 and 72 years. Descriptive analyzes and bivariate correlations were performed. Results: The virus prevention behavior reported as the most difficult to perform by the participants was social distancing (43.3%) and the behavior indicated by a greater number of individuals as easier to perform was the use of the mask (56.1%). The main factor of the COM-B model that acts as a barrier to the execution of health behaviors seems to be Psychological Capacity and the main facilitators are Physical Capacity and Psychological Capacity. Conclusion: Knowledge about the behavioral determinants of adoption or non-adoption of virus transmission prevention behaviors is essential for the development of appropriate public health interventions.
, , .
Introduction: In the fight against a pandemic, it’s crucial to carry out population studies that assess individual behaviors to prevent the transmission of the virus in the light of explanatory models of the behaviors. Objective: The main objective of this work was to evaluate, based on the COM-B model (capacity, opportunity and motivation), the main barriers and facilitators of the adoption or not of protective behaviors of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Method: As for the methodology, it was a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire. An online questionnaire was used as an instrument, built on the COM-B model, through the Microsoft Forms platform, applied to a sample of the Portuguese population collected for convenience. A total of 353 individuals participated in this study, 261 (74%) were female, 89 (25%) were male and 3 preferred not to answer this question (1%). The mean age of the sample was 37.75% years, aged between 18 and 72 years. Descriptive analyzes and bivariate correlations were performed. Results: The virus prevention behavior reported as the most difficult to perform by the participants was social distancing (43.3%) and the behavior indicated by a greater number of individuals as easier to perform was the use of the mask (56.1%). The main factor of the COM-B model that acts as a barrier to the execution of health behaviors seems to be Psychological Capacity and the main facilitators are Physical Capacity and Psychological Capacity. Conclusion: Knowledge about the behavioral determinants of adoption or non-adoption of virus transmission prevention behaviors is essential for the development of appropriate public health interventions.
, , .
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA
– Instituto Universitário de Ciências
Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, para
obtenção do grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
COVID-19 Comportamentos protetores Estratégias comportamentais Modelo COM-B População portuguesa Protective behaviors Behavioral strategies COM-B model Portuguese population