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Aproximaciones cognitivas a la investigación sobre el delirio persecutorio
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
El delirio persecutorio es un síntoma que se
encuentra presente en diferentes condiciones clínicas.
En los últimos años, son numerosas las investigaciones
que se han centrado en el estudio del delirio
persecutorio, desde una aproximación al síntoma,
analizando los procesos psicológicos (cognitivos,
emocionales, etc) asociados a este tipo de creencia
delirante.
En el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión de las
investigaciones dirigidas a analizar los mecanismos
cognitivos subyacentes al delirio persecutorio: Se
presentan resultados acerca de la presencia de sesgos
en procesos de atención selectiva y memoria, así
como en procesos de razonamiento probabilístico e
inferencial (i.e. atribuciones causales), y de los tipos
de estructuras de conocimiento presentes en sujetos
con creencias persecutorias. Se discuten finalmente las
implicaciones de estos factores cognitivos en la
aparición y mantenimiento de dichas creencias.
Persecutory delusion is a symptom present in different clinical conditions. In recents years, there has been a large body of research focused on the study of persecutory delusion, from a symptom-approach perspective, analyzing a number of psychological processes (cognitive, emotional, etc) associated to this type of delusional beliefs. In the present paper we present a review of empirical research that has explored the role of cognitive mechanisms in persecutory delusion. We review the empirical evidence showing cognitive biases in several domains of functioning in people with persecutory beliefs: selective attention, memory for emotional material, probabilistic and inferential reasoning processes (i.e. causal attributions), and general cognitive schemas. We finally discuss the role of these biases in the onset and maintenance of persecutory beliefs.
Persecutory delusion is a symptom present in different clinical conditions. In recents years, there has been a large body of research focused on the study of persecutory delusion, from a symptom-approach perspective, analyzing a number of psychological processes (cognitive, emotional, etc) associated to this type of delusional beliefs. In the present paper we present a review of empirical research that has explored the role of cognitive mechanisms in persecutory delusion. We review the empirical evidence showing cognitive biases in several domains of functioning in people with persecutory beliefs: selective attention, memory for emotional material, probabilistic and inferential reasoning processes (i.e. causal attributions), and general cognitive schemas. We finally discuss the role of these biases in the onset and maintenance of persecutory beliefs.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Atribuciones causales Cognición Delirio Paranoia Teorías explicativas Attributions Cognition Delusion Paranoia Explanatory models
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Análise Psicológica, 27(2), 213-231.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada