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Fatores associados à reincidência no consumo de substâncias psicoativas em ex-reclusos do sexo masculino
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A literatura evidencia uma relação clara entre traços de personalidade, estigmatização e dependência de substâncias psicoativas. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar fatores de risco associados ao uso dessas substâncias em ex-reclusos durante o período pós-reclusão. A amostra foi composta por 34 participantes, divididos igualmente entre ex-reclusos e indivíduos sem histórico de detenção. Os resultados revelaram que ex-reclusos apresentam maior propensão ao consumo de cocaína em comparação com a população geral, sem diferenças estatisticamente significativas para outras substâncias. Também se observou uma tendência de maior frequência de consumo de substâncias ilícitas entre ex-reclusos. Identificaram-se igualmente associações entre o histórico de reclusão e a estigmatização social no consumo de cocaína, ansiolíticos e opiáceos, além de uma forte associação entre estigmatização social e uso de alucinógenos. A estigmatização policial esteve relacionada ao uso de cannabis e ansiolíticos. Nos traços de personalidade apenas a conscienciosidade apresentou uma associação com o consumo dessas substâncias. Em síntese, histórico de reclusão, elevados níveis de estigmatização social, assim como baixa conscienciosidade emergem como fatores relevantes para a intensidade do consumo de substâncias ilícitas, sublinhando a importância de políticas públicas que promovam intervenções integradas, focadas tanto na redução do estigma quanto no fortalecimento de competências pessoais e sociais desses indivíduos.
The literature clearly indicates a relationship between personality traits, stigmatization, and dependence on psychoactive substances. The objective of this investigation was to pinpoint the risk factors associated with the use of these substances among ex-inmates during the post-release period. The sample consisted of 34 participants, equally divided between ex-inmates and individuals with no history of detention. The results revealed that ex-inmates show a greater propensity for cocaine use compared to the general population, with no statistically significant differences found for other substances. There was also a tendency for more frequent illicit substance use among ex-inmates. Associations were identified between a history of incarceration and social stigmatization in the use of cocaine, anxiolytics, and opioids, as well as a strong association between social stigmatization and the use of hallucinogens. Police-related stigmatization was linked to the use of cannabis and anxiolytics. Among personality traits, only conscientiousness showed an association with substance use. In summary, a history of incarceration, high levels of social stigmatization, and low conscientiousness emerge as relevant factors for the intensity of illicit substance use, underscoring the importance of public policies that promote integrated interventions focused both on reducing stigma and on strengthening the personal and social skills of these individuals.
The literature clearly indicates a relationship between personality traits, stigmatization, and dependence on psychoactive substances. The objective of this investigation was to pinpoint the risk factors associated with the use of these substances among ex-inmates during the post-release period. The sample consisted of 34 participants, equally divided between ex-inmates and individuals with no history of detention. The results revealed that ex-inmates show a greater propensity for cocaine use compared to the general population, with no statistically significant differences found for other substances. There was also a tendency for more frequent illicit substance use among ex-inmates. Associations were identified between a history of incarceration and social stigmatization in the use of cocaine, anxiolytics, and opioids, as well as a strong association between social stigmatization and the use of hallucinogens. Police-related stigmatization was linked to the use of cannabis and anxiolytics. Among personality traits, only conscientiousness showed an association with substance use. In summary, a history of incarceration, high levels of social stigmatization, and low conscientiousness emerge as relevant factors for the intensity of illicit substance use, underscoring the importance of public policies that promote integrated interventions focused both on reducing stigma and on strengthening the personal and social skills of these individuals.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Forense
Palavras-chave
Substâncias psicoativas Traço de personalidade Estigmatização Psychoactive substances Personality trait Stigmatization.