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Temporal and spatial relations in sentential reasoning
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
The mental model theory postulates that the meanings of assertions, and knowledge about
their context can modulate the logical meaning of sentential connectives, such as ‘‘if’’ and
‘‘or’’. One known effect of modulation is to block the representation of possibilities to
which a proposition refers. But, modulation should also add relational information, such
as temporal order, to models of possibilities. Three experiments tested this prediction.
Experiment 1 showed that individuals spontaneously matched the tense of their conclusions
(in Portuguese) to embody implied, but unexpressed, temporal relations in conditional
premises. Experiment 2 demonstrated the same phenomenon in inferences from
disjunctions. Experiment 3 showed that the number of such implicit relations in inferences
from conditionals affects both accuracy and the speed of reasoning. These results support
the modulation hypothesis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Temporal reasoning Spatial reasoning Modulation Mental models
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Cognition, 122, 393-404