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Influência da paridade na adaptação da transição para a maternidade em grávidas infectadas pelo VIH e grávidas sem condição médica associada
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
No presente estudo empírico procuramos explorar a influência da paridade na adaptação na transição
para a maternidade de grávidas seropositivas para o VIH e grávidas sem condição médica de risco
associada. Noventa e oito mulheres (47 grávidas seropositivas para o VIH e 51 grávidas sem patologia
médica associada) foram avaliadas durante o segundo trimestre de gravidez e dois a quatro dias após
o parto. O protocolo de avaliação era composto por uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos e grelhas
clínicas e obstétricas, e por instrumentos de auto-resposta, destinados a avaliar a sintomatologia
psicopatológica (Brief Symptom Inventory), a reactividade emocional (Emotional Assessment Scale)
e a qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-Bref). Os resultados obtidos mostram que, para ambos os grupos, a
multiparidade se encontra associada a maiores dificuldades de adaptação na transição para a
maternidade, de forma mais acentuada entre as mulheres infectadas pelo VIH. O maior poder
discriminativo, em função da paridade, registou-se nos domínios Relações sociais e Ambiente, na
faceta geral de qualidade de vida e na dimensão Ansiedade. Ao longo do tempo, a maior estabilidade
individual registou-se entre as multíparas dos dois grupos e a menor estabilidade entre as primíparas
infectadas pelo VIH. Os resultados do nosso estudo apoiam a existência de diferentes padrões e
trajectórias de adaptação das grávidas primíparas e multíparas e, essencialmente, a importância de
considerar intervenções diferenciadas para cada um dos grupos.
In the present empirical study, we intend to determine the influence of parity in the adaptation in transition to motherhood among HIV-positive pregnant women and pregnant women without associated medical risk. Ninety-eight women (47 HIV-positive and pregnant women and 51 pregnant women without medical risk) were assessed during the second trimester of pregnancy and 2 to 4 days postpartum. The assessment protocol consisted of social-demographic, clinical and obstetric grids; and self-report questionnaires designed to assess psychological symptom patterns (Brief Symptom Inventory), emotional reactivity (Emotional Assessment Scale), and quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref). Our results showed that multiparity is associated with worse adaptation in the transition to motherhood, more prominently among HIV-infected women. The highest discriminative power, regarding parity, was observed in the Social Relationships and Environment domains, in the general facet of quality of life as well as in the dimension Anxiety. Throughout time, the highest individual stability was reported among multiparous women and the lowest stability was observed in HIV-infected primiparous women. Our findings supported the existence of different patterns and trajectories of adaptation for primiparous and multiparous women and, essentially, suggested the importance of differential interventions concerning each group.
In the present empirical study, we intend to determine the influence of parity in the adaptation in transition to motherhood among HIV-positive pregnant women and pregnant women without associated medical risk. Ninety-eight women (47 HIV-positive and pregnant women and 51 pregnant women without medical risk) were assessed during the second trimester of pregnancy and 2 to 4 days postpartum. The assessment protocol consisted of social-demographic, clinical and obstetric grids; and self-report questionnaires designed to assess psychological symptom patterns (Brief Symptom Inventory), emotional reactivity (Emotional Assessment Scale), and quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref). Our results showed that multiparity is associated with worse adaptation in the transition to motherhood, more prominently among HIV-infected women. The highest discriminative power, regarding parity, was observed in the Social Relationships and Environment domains, in the general facet of quality of life as well as in the dimension Anxiety. Throughout time, the highest individual stability was reported among multiparous women and the lowest stability was observed in HIV-infected primiparous women. Our findings supported the existence of different patterns and trajectories of adaptation for primiparous and multiparous women and, essentially, suggested the importance of differential interventions concerning each group.
Description
Keywords
Adaptação Maternidade Paridade VIH Adaptation Motherhood Parity
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 29(3), 425-438
Publisher
ISPA - Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada