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Relação de dependência das redes sociais, do smartphone e do jogo com a dependência alimentar em adultos
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Resumo(s)
Introdução: A era digital intensificou comportamentos aditivos, incluindo
dependência alimentar e dependências em redes sociais, videojogos e smartphones. Este
estudo visa: (a) verificar se dependência de redes sociais, de videojogos e de smartphone
predizem sintomas de dependência alimentar em adultos; e (b) avaliar o papel das variáveis
socio-demográficas (idade, sexo e escolaridade) em sintomas associados à dependência
alimentar. Método: A amostra incluiu 480 adultos (377 mulheres; 103 homens), 18–65 anos
(M = 28,31; DP = 10,60), recrutados por questionário online. Aplicaram‑se: Questionário
Socio-demográfico; Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0; Internet Addiction Test adaptado a redes
sociais; Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–SF; Smartphone Addiction Scale–SV. Os dados
foram submetidos a modelação de equações estruturais. Resultados: O modelo explicou
19,3 % da variância em dependência alimentar (R² = .193). Dependência de redes sociais
(β = .358, p < .001) e de videojogos (β = .178, p < .001) foram preditores significativos;
dependência de smartphone não (β = .096, p = .235). O sexo feminino associou‑se a maiores
níveis de dependência alimentar (β = .084, p = .052), enquanto idade (β = .036, p = .402) e
escolaridade (β = –.054, p = .207) não foram preditoras significativas. Discussão: Os achados
confirmam que o uso problemático de redes sociais e videojogos contribuem para padrões de
sintomas associados à dependência alimentar, partilhando mecanismos de recompensa e
desregulação emocional. A ausência de relação com smartphone sugere funções
multifacetadas deste dispositivo. Recomenda‑se intervenções integradas centradas na
regulação do uso digital e dos comportamentos alimentares, com especial atenção ao sexo
feminino e à literacia digital e emocional.
Introduction: The digital era has intensified addictive behaviors, including food addiction and addictions to social media, video games, and smartphones. This study aimed to: (a) examine whether social media, video game, and smartphone addiction predict symptoms of food addiction in adults; and (b) assess the role of socio-demographic variables (age, sex, and education) in symptoms associated with food addiction. Method: The sample included 480 adults (377 women; 103 men), aged 18–65 years (M = 28.31; SD = 10.60), recruited through an online survey. The following instruments were administered: Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, Internet Addiction Test adapted to social media, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–SF, and Smartphone Addiction Scale–SV. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The model explained 19.3 % of the variance in food addiction (R² = .193). Social media addiction (β = .358, p < .001) and video game addiction (β = .178, p < .001) were significant predictors, whereas smartphone addiction was not (β = .096, p = .235). Female sex was associated with higher levels of food addiction (β = .084, p = .052), while age (β = .036, p = .402) and education (β = –.054, p = .207) were not significant predictors. Discussion: Findings confirm that problematic use of social media and video games contributes to patterns of symptoms associated with food addiction, sharing mechanisms of reward and emotional dysregulation. The absence of an association with smartphone use suggests the multifaceted functions of this device. Integrated interventions focusing on digital use regulation and eating behaviors are recommended, with particular attention to women and to digital and emotional literacy.
Introduction: The digital era has intensified addictive behaviors, including food addiction and addictions to social media, video games, and smartphones. This study aimed to: (a) examine whether social media, video game, and smartphone addiction predict symptoms of food addiction in adults; and (b) assess the role of socio-demographic variables (age, sex, and education) in symptoms associated with food addiction. Method: The sample included 480 adults (377 women; 103 men), aged 18–65 years (M = 28.31; SD = 10.60), recruited through an online survey. The following instruments were administered: Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, Internet Addiction Test adapted to social media, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–SF, and Smartphone Addiction Scale–SV. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The model explained 19.3 % of the variance in food addiction (R² = .193). Social media addiction (β = .358, p < .001) and video game addiction (β = .178, p < .001) were significant predictors, whereas smartphone addiction was not (β = .096, p = .235). Female sex was associated with higher levels of food addiction (β = .084, p = .052), while age (β = .036, p = .402) and education (β = –.054, p = .207) were not significant predictors. Discussion: Findings confirm that problematic use of social media and video games contributes to patterns of symptoms associated with food addiction, sharing mechanisms of reward and emotional dysregulation. The absence of an association with smartphone use suggests the multifaceted functions of this device. Integrated interventions focusing on digital use regulation and eating behaviors are recommended, with particular attention to women and to digital and emotional literacy.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Palavras-chave
dependência alimentar redes sociais videojogos smartphone adições comportamentais adultos. food addiction social media addiction gaming addiction smartphone addiction behavioral addictions adults