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Sexo, mentiras e handicaps: Reflexões sobre os mecanismos de selecção sexual
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
No presente artigo o autor revê os diferentes modelos de selecção sexual, nomeadamente a teoria dos
descendentes atractivos, a teoria dos bons genes e a
teoria do enviezamento sensorial. E analisado o caso
particular da possível acção dos mecanismos de selecção
sexual nos sistemas de reprodução em arenas, nas
quais os machos se agregam para cortejar, uma vez
que estes sistemas potenciam a competição entre os
machos e as situações de escolha de parceiros sexuais
por parte das fêmeas. Neste contexto é dada especial
atenção a dois fenómenos: (a) a possível existência de
mecanismos de escolha passivos por parte das fêmeas
que gerem padrões consitentes de preferências, como é
o caso conhecido das preferências por machos com
territórios centrais nas arenas em relação a machos
com territórios periféricos; (b) a possibilidade de existirem
beneficios não-genéticos para as fêmeas em sistemas
de arenas que expliquem os padrões de preferências
detectados. Finalmente é discutido o modelo
do handicap da imunocompetência e apresentam-se
evidências que apontam para um papel dos androgénios
como mediadores fisiológicos de qualidades fenotípicas
dos machos.
In the present paper the author reviews the different models of sexual selection, namely the sexy sons theory, the good genes theory and the sensory bias theory. The particular case of the possible action of sexual selection mechanisms in arena breeding system, on which males gather to display to females, is analysed as these systems promote the occurrence of male-male competition and female mate choice mechanisms. In this context special attention is paid to two phenomena: (a) the possible existence of passive mechanisms of female mate choice which generate consistent patterns of preferences, such as the known case of the female preference for males with more central territories in leks; (b) the possibility that there are non-genetic benefits for females in lek-breeding systems, which may account for the patterns of female mate choice found. Finally, the immunocompetence handicap model is discussed and evidences are presented which point to a role for androgens as physiological mediators of male phenotypic qualities.
In the present paper the author reviews the different models of sexual selection, namely the sexy sons theory, the good genes theory and the sensory bias theory. The particular case of the possible action of sexual selection mechanisms in arena breeding system, on which males gather to display to females, is analysed as these systems promote the occurrence of male-male competition and female mate choice mechanisms. In this context special attention is paid to two phenomena: (a) the possible existence of passive mechanisms of female mate choice which generate consistent patterns of preferences, such as the known case of the female preference for males with more central territories in leks; (b) the possibility that there are non-genetic benefits for females in lek-breeding systems, which may account for the patterns of female mate choice found. Finally, the immunocompetence handicap model is discussed and evidences are presented which point to a role for androgens as physiological mediators of male phenotypic qualities.
Description
Keywords
Selecção sexual Escolha de parceiros Competição intra-sexual Androgénios Arenas reprodutoras Sexual selection Mate choice Intra-sexual competition Androgens Leks
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 1(15), 149-160.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada