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Descodificação neural de estímulos emocionais relacionados ao consumo de álcool
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Compreender o processamento neural de estímulos salientes do ponto de vista
motivacional e a sua relação com os motivos individuais de consumo de álcool constitui
um desafio central nas neurociências e na investigação clínica. Este estudo teve como
objetivo investigar de que forma diferentes motivações para o consumo de álcool
modulam a resposta cerebral a estímulos que representam essas motivações e explorar se
os padrões de atividade cerebral se relacionam com os motivos individuais de consumo.
Participaram 90 estudantes universitários, com idades entre os 18 e os 33 anos (58.8%
mulheres, 90% caucasianos, Midade = 19.50, DP = 2.34), que foram expostos a imagens
associadas ao consumo de álcool por motivos de coping, de intensificação e a imagens
neutras, enquanto a sua atividade cerebral era registada através de eletroencefalografia
(EEG). As motivações individuais para o consumo foram avaliadas através de um
questionário de autopreenchimento.
Os dados eletrofisiológicos foram analisados com recurso a técnicas de decoding
multivariado (multivariate pattern analysis). A atividade cerebral permitiu discriminar,
com precisão superior ao acaso (~70%), as imagens associadas ao consumo de álcool por
motivos de coping e de intensificação, em comparação com imagens neutras. Verificou-se ainda uma associação negativa entre os motivos de coping e a taxa de acerto do
decoding para o contraste de intensificação (r = -0.25; p = 0.037), sugerindo que
indivíduos que consomem álcool para lidar com emoções negativas apresentam menor
discriminação neural de estímulos associados à intensificação.
Estes resultados evidenciam o papel da atividade elétrica cerebral na representação das
motivações para o consumo de álcool e reforçam a importância de integrar medidas
neurofisiológicas na compreensão da vulnerabilidade ao consumo excessivo,
contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de prevenção mais eficazes e
personalizadas.
Understanding the neural processing of motivationally salient stimuli and its relation to individual alcohol consumption motives constitutes a central challenge in neuroscience and clinical research. This study aimed to investigate how different alcohol consumption motives modulate brain responses to stimuli representing these motives and to explore whether patterns of brain activity are related to participants' individual consumption motives. Ninety university students aged 18–33 years (58.8% women, 90% Caucasian, Mage = 19.50, SD = 2.34) were exposed to images associated with alcohol consumption for coping, intensification, and neutral images, while their brain activity was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG). Individual motives for alcohol consumption were assessed through a self-report questionnaire. Electrophysiological data were analyzed using multivariate decoding techniques (multivariate pattern analysis). Brain activity allowed discrimination of images associated with alcohol consumption for coping and intensification, with accuracy above chance (~70%) compared to neutral images. A negative association was observed between coping motives and decoding accuracy for the intensification contrast (r = -0.25; p = 0.037), suggesting that individuals who consume alcohol to cope with negative emotions show reduced neural discrimination of stimuli associated with intensification. These results highlight the role of brain electrical activity in representing the motives underlying alcohol consumption and emphasize the importance of integrating neurophysiological measures to understand vulnerability to excessive drinking, contributing to the development of more effective and personalized prevention strategies.
Understanding the neural processing of motivationally salient stimuli and its relation to individual alcohol consumption motives constitutes a central challenge in neuroscience and clinical research. This study aimed to investigate how different alcohol consumption motives modulate brain responses to stimuli representing these motives and to explore whether patterns of brain activity are related to participants' individual consumption motives. Ninety university students aged 18–33 years (58.8% women, 90% Caucasian, Mage = 19.50, SD = 2.34) were exposed to images associated with alcohol consumption for coping, intensification, and neutral images, while their brain activity was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG). Individual motives for alcohol consumption were assessed through a self-report questionnaire. Electrophysiological data were analyzed using multivariate decoding techniques (multivariate pattern analysis). Brain activity allowed discrimination of images associated with alcohol consumption for coping and intensification, with accuracy above chance (~70%) compared to neutral images. A negative association was observed between coping motives and decoding accuracy for the intensification contrast (r = -0.25; p = 0.037), suggesting that individuals who consume alcohol to cope with negative emotions show reduced neural discrimination of stimuli associated with intensification. These results highlight the role of brain electrical activity in representing the motives underlying alcohol consumption and emphasize the importance of integrating neurophysiological measures to understand vulnerability to excessive drinking, contributing to the development of more effective and personalized prevention strategies.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Psicologia na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Processamento Emocional Descodificação Neural Consumo de Álcool Motivos de Coping Motivos de Intensificação Emotional Processing Neural Decoding Alcohol Consumption Coping Motives Enhancement Motives