Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O Modelo Familiarity as a Regulation Mechanism (FARM; Garcia-Marques, 2003) pressupõe que, ao experienciarmos uma sensação de familiaridade (fluente e positiva) durante o processamento de informação, os recursos para uma cuidadosa elaboração, ou seja, um processamento sistemático, não são ativados. Neste trabalho, estende-se o teste desta hipótese ao contexto da memória de pessoas, no qual o efeito de incongruência ao nível da memória supostamente ocorre por existir uma maior elaboração dos itens incongruentes. Fazendo recurso a paradigmas de efeito de incongruência, manipula-se a sensação de familiaridade por via da criação de uma condição de exposição repetida a informação que será utilizada para formação de impressões pelos participantes. Os resultados identificam o efeito de incongruência associado a um efeito de negatividade, dado que não apenas itens incongruentes, mas também itens negativos são mais facilmente recordados do que itens congruentes e itens positivos. Esperava-se que o efeito fosse moderado pela familiaridade com os itens, o que não teve suporte nestes dados. Discutimos os dados nas suas implicações para o FARM.
The Familiarity as a Regulation Mechanism model (FARM; Garcia-Marques, 2003) assumes that, when experiencing a feeling of familiarity (fluent and positive) during information processing, the resources needed for elaboration are not mobilized and, therefore, a systematic processing of that information is not activated. In this paper, this hypothesis is extended to the context of person memory, in which the incongruency bias of memory occurs due to a higher elaboration of items incongruent to a prior expectation. Using incongruency effect paradigms, a feeling of familiarity is manipulated via repeated exposure to information used by the participants to form impressions about a hypothetical target. The results indicate that the incongruency effect is associated with a negativity effect, given that not only incongruent items but also negative items are recalled to a greater extent than congruent or positive items. It was expected that this effect would be moderated by the feeling of familiarity towards the items, which was not supported by the data. The implications of these results on the FARM model are discussed.
The Familiarity as a Regulation Mechanism model (FARM; Garcia-Marques, 2003) assumes that, when experiencing a feeling of familiarity (fluent and positive) during information processing, the resources needed for elaboration are not mobilized and, therefore, a systematic processing of that information is not activated. In this paper, this hypothesis is extended to the context of person memory, in which the incongruency bias of memory occurs due to a higher elaboration of items incongruent to a prior expectation. Using incongruency effect paradigms, a feeling of familiarity is manipulated via repeated exposure to information used by the participants to form impressions about a hypothetical target. The results indicate that the incongruency effect is associated with a negativity effect, given that not only incongruent items but also negative items are recalled to a greater extent than congruent or positive items. It was expected that this effect would be moderated by the feeling of familiarity towards the items, which was not supported by the data. The implications of these results on the FARM model are discussed.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das Organizações.
Palavras-chave
FARM Familiaridade Fluência de processamento Elaboração Processamento dualista Efeito de negatividade Efeito de incongruência TRAP Familiarity Processing fluency Elaboration Dual processing Negativity effect Incongruency effect
