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A prova «Era uma Vez» : Uma nova prova projectiva para crianças
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A prova «Era uma yez ... » é uma nova técnica projectiva para crianças. É uma prova de completamento de histórias, que são apresentadas em três cenas de banda desenhada. Para completar a história a criança tem à sua disposição nove cenas desenhadas, entre as quais deverá escolher três e organizá-las em sequência.
As nove cenas estão agrupadas em três categorias: Aflição, Fantasia e Realidade. A prova tem como objectivo descrever o modo como as crianças elaboram a ansiedade e o prazer, estados afectivos fundamentais
no desenvolvimento psicológico. A autora
apresenta as teorias de referência para a construção da prova e descreve o seu material e forma de aplicação.
Apresenta-se um estudo inicial, com uma amostra de 162 crianças, entre 5-9 anos, que permitiu conhecer a reacção das crianças à prova, características das respostas,
etc. Um outro estudo, com uma amostra de 245
crianças entre 6-8 anos, incidiu sobre a caracterização do padrão de respostas (categoria de cena escolhida/ posição na sequência). Um estudo com três grupos
de crianças (agressivas, ansiosas e isoladas) revelou a possibilidade de diferenciar, a nível estatístico, as respostas dos três grupos, entre si e em relação ao grupo de controlo.
ABSTRACT: The projective test «Era uma vez...» (Once upon a time ...) is a new projective technique for chiidren involving story completion. The stories are presented in three cartoon episodes, and the child must choose from among nine small scenes and put them in sequence to tell a story; these scenes differ in their characteristics: either they represent anxiety, fantasy, or reality possible outcomes. The test aims to describe how children elaborate emotions, mainly anxiety and pleasure, that are fundamental affects in psychological adaptation. The author presents the theoretical background of the test. The characteristics of the material and application are described. The test was initially studied with a group of 162 children, from 5-9 years old. It focused the children’s reaction to the test situation, the variability of the choice of the pictures, etc. The test was also studied with a group of 245 children, 6-8 years old, to characterize the frequency with which the different category scenes were chosen according to its placement in the sequence. The author also presents a study with three groups of children with aggressive, anxious and isolated behavior. The results indicated that the three groups could be statistically differentiated from each other and from the control group.
ABSTRACT: The projective test «Era uma vez...» (Once upon a time ...) is a new projective technique for chiidren involving story completion. The stories are presented in three cartoon episodes, and the child must choose from among nine small scenes and put them in sequence to tell a story; these scenes differ in their characteristics: either they represent anxiety, fantasy, or reality possible outcomes. The test aims to describe how children elaborate emotions, mainly anxiety and pleasure, that are fundamental affects in psychological adaptation. The author presents the theoretical background of the test. The characteristics of the material and application are described. The test was initially studied with a group of 162 children, from 5-9 years old. It focused the children’s reaction to the test situation, the variability of the choice of the pictures, etc. The test was also studied with a group of 245 children, 6-8 years old, to characterize the frequency with which the different category scenes were chosen according to its placement in the sequence. The author also presents a study with three groups of children with aggressive, anxious and isolated behavior. The results indicated that the three groups could be statistically differentiated from each other and from the control group.
Description
Keywords
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 12(4), 511-528
Publisher
ISPA - Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada