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Preditores de comportamento alimentar em fase de menopausa
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A incidência da obesidade é maior em mulheres, principalmente na fase da menopausa. Um comportamento alimentar disfuncional pode contribuir para o aumento de peso nesta fase. Assim, este estudo pretende averiguar se o estadio de menopausa (pré-, peri- ou pós-menopausa) prediz o tipo de comportamento alimentar (restrição cognitiva, descontrolo alimentar e alimentação emocional), considerando variáveis sociodemográficas e de estilo de vida.
Método: No total, 1895 mulheres portuguesas de meia-idade (M=52.22; DP=5.100) preencheram o Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21). Desenvolveu-se um modelo de equações estruturais para explorar as relações entre as variáveis independentes e a dependente.
Resultados: O modelo estrutural revelou um bom ajustamento (𝜒²/df=6.570; CFI=0.932; TLI=0.922; NFI=0.920; RMSEA=0.054; P(rmsea<0.05) =0.001; SRMR= 0.069). A variância explicada foi de 2% no descontrolo alimentar (DA) e alimentação emocional (AE) e 6% na restrição cognitiva (RC). O comportamento alimentar nesta amostra é melhor explicado através de variáveis como a idade (βRC= -0.077; p=0.012), (βDA= -0.118; p<0.001), (βAE=-0.073; p=0.012), prática de atividade física (βRC= -0.186; p<0.001), (βDA= 0.064; p=0.008) , (βAE= 0.072; p=0.003) e ser fumadora (βRC= 0.118; p<0.001), (βDA= 0.109; p<0.001), (βAE= 0135; p<0.001). O estadio da menopausa prediz o descontrolo alimentar (β= 0.071; p=0.018); e ter ou não uma relação afetiva e/ou sexual prediz a restrição cognitiva (β= -0.07; p=0.005).
Conclusão: O comportamento alimentar pode ser influenciado pelo estadio de menopausa e idade; considerando a importância de um peso e comportamento alimentar saudáveis nesta fase, são necessárias intervenções que tenham em conta estes resultados.
Introduction: The incidence of obesity is higher in women, especially during menopause. A dysfunctional eating behavior can contribute to weight gain at this stage. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether the menopausal stage (pre-, peri- or post-menopausal) predicts the type of eating behavior (cognitive restriction [CR], uncontrolled eating [UE] and emotional eating [EE]), considering sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Method: In total, 1895 middle-aged Portuguese women (M = 52.22; SD = 5.100) completed the Three-Factor Food Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21). An equation model was developed to explore the relationships between independent and dependent variables. Results: The structural model revealed a good fit (𝜒² / df = 6.570; CFI = 0.932; TLI = 0.922; NFI = 0.920; RMSEA = 0.054; P (rmsea <0.05) = 0.001; SRMR = 0.069). The explained variance was 2% for UE and EE and 6% for CR. The eating behavior in this sample is better explained through variables such as age (βCR = -0.077; p = 0.012), (βUE = -0.118; p <0.001), (βEE = -0.073; p = 0.012), practice of activity (βCR = -0.186; p <0.001), (βUE = 0.064; p = 0.008), (βEE = 0.072; p = 0.003) and being a smoker (βCR = 0.118; p <0.001), (βUE = 0.109; p<0.001), (βEE = 0.135; p<0.001). The stage of menopause predicts UE (β = 0.071; p = 0.018); and having or not an affective and/or sexual relationship predicts CR (β = -0.07; p = 0.005).
Introduction: The incidence of obesity is higher in women, especially during menopause. A dysfunctional eating behavior can contribute to weight gain at this stage. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether the menopausal stage (pre-, peri- or post-menopausal) predicts the type of eating behavior (cognitive restriction [CR], uncontrolled eating [UE] and emotional eating [EE]), considering sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Method: In total, 1895 middle-aged Portuguese women (M = 52.22; SD = 5.100) completed the Three-Factor Food Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21). An equation model was developed to explore the relationships between independent and dependent variables. Results: The structural model revealed a good fit (𝜒² / df = 6.570; CFI = 0.932; TLI = 0.922; NFI = 0.920; RMSEA = 0.054; P (rmsea <0.05) = 0.001; SRMR = 0.069). The explained variance was 2% for UE and EE and 6% for CR. The eating behavior in this sample is better explained through variables such as age (βCR = -0.077; p = 0.012), (βUE = -0.118; p <0.001), (βEE = -0.073; p = 0.012), practice of activity (βCR = -0.186; p <0.001), (βUE = 0.064; p = 0.008), (βEE = 0.072; p = 0.003) and being a smoker (βCR = 0.118; p <0.001), (βUE = 0.109; p<0.001), (βEE = 0.135; p<0.001). The stage of menopause predicts UE (β = 0.071; p = 0.018); and having or not an affective and/or sexual relationship predicts CR (β = -0.07; p = 0.005).
Description
Dissertação de Mestradoapresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Comportamento alimentar Menopausa Meia idade Mulheres Obesidade Eating behavior Menopause Middle-age Women Obesity