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Publication
Intervención psicológica en un caso de asma alérgica
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
El asma es un problema de salud crónico que afecta
entre el 1 y el 30% de los niños. Diversos estudios han
puesto de manifiesto que los programas de intervención
psicológica resultan efectivos para reducir las
crisis asmáticas, en caso de aparición, disminuir la medicación,
aumentar el papel activo del cliente, etc.
En este trabajo se presenta un programa de intervención
psicológica, detallado en sus componentes y
sesiones, aplicado a un niño con asma alérgica leve de
10 años de edad. La intervención llevada a cabo se
centra en psicoeducación al niño y a los padres sobre
la enfermedad, y control emocional asociado a la enfermedad
(técnicas de relajación y respiración).
Los resultados muestran una reducción de la frecuencia
e intensidad de las crisis asmáticas, una disminución
de la variabilidad pulmonar, un aumento del
flujo de aire máximo espirado tras la aplicación de las
técnicas de relajación y respiración, y una adquisición
de conductas eficaces para prevenir o controlar la enfermedad
por parte del cliente. De igual forma se constata
la desaparición de ciertas ideas erroneas sobre la
enfermedad. En la discusión se reflexiona sobre estos
datos y se discute la utilidad de las intervenciones psicológicas
en el asma.
ABSTRACT: Asthma is a chronic problem wich affect between 1%-30% of the children. The research have demonstrated that psychological programs are effective to reduce and control asthma attacks, and to learn a well management of medication. This paper presents a psychological intervention in an asthmatic ten-year-old child. The sessions and components of the psychological program appear in detail, and they are based in education about asthma (for parents and child), emotional control (relaxation and breathing techniques), and acquisition of behaviors needed to control and prevent asthma attacks. The results indicate a decline of frecuency and intensity of asthma attacks, an increase of peek flow meter values after application of relaxation and breathing techniques, and acquisition of knowledge about the illness. Finally, it is presented a discussion about the data and about the efficiency of psychological intervention programs in health problems
ABSTRACT: Asthma is a chronic problem wich affect between 1%-30% of the children. The research have demonstrated that psychological programs are effective to reduce and control asthma attacks, and to learn a well management of medication. This paper presents a psychological intervention in an asthmatic ten-year-old child. The sessions and components of the psychological program appear in detail, and they are based in education about asthma (for parents and child), emotional control (relaxation and breathing techniques), and acquisition of behaviors needed to control and prevent asthma attacks. The results indicate a decline of frecuency and intensity of asthma attacks, an increase of peek flow meter values after application of relaxation and breathing techniques, and acquisition of knowledge about the illness. Finally, it is presented a discussion about the data and about the efficiency of psychological intervention programs in health problems
Description
Keywords
Intervención psicológica Asma alérgica Psicoeducación Control emocional Psychological intervention Alergic asthma Psychological education Emotional control
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada