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Identificação de larvas de peixes tropicais através de DNA barcoding
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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o reconhecimento das espécies de peixes
tropicais do Índico em reprodução no Oceanário de Lisboa através de DNA barcoding.
Entre Dezembro de 2022 e Maio de 2023 os ovos recolhidos, três vezes por semana, no
aquário do Oceano índico foram colocados a eclodir e as larvas eclodidas foram
recolhidas após 48h. Depois de contadas e separadas por características morfológicas,
foram recolhidas amostras com seis larvas de cada grupo morfológico para o estudo
molecular. Para o DNA barcoding, o ADN foi extraído de cada amostra, foi amplificado
e sequenciado o gene Citocromo c Oxidase I através da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase.
Foram observadas um total de 13369 larvas, tendo sido o mês de Maio o que teve maior
abundância (22,91%) e diversidade (13 grupos). As larvas foram separadas em 15 grupos
morfológicos, dos quais oito foram identificados com sucesso (>98% de identidade) em
Naso brevirostrus, Scolopsis bilineta, Myripristes hexagona, Paracanthurus hepatus,
Labroides dimidatus, Sargocentron rubrum, S. diadema,e Platax orbicularis. Em cinco
grupos apenas foi possível identificar os géneros, Myripristis e Naso, que apresentaram
uma grande variabilidade, provavelmente associada à presença de várias espécies ou a
características morfológicas semelhantes às 48h após a eclosão. Este estudo contribuiu
para a identificação específica dos peixes tropicais em reprodução em ambiente
controlado, fornecendo informações sobre a biologia reprodutiva das espécies presentes
que podem ser úteis para melhorar a gestão e a conservação dos peixes tropicais em
coleção.
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to identify the Indo-Pacific tropical fish under reproduction in the Oceanário de Lisboa through mtCOI barcoding. Between December 2022 and May 2023, three times a week, the eggs from Indian exhibition tank were caught, placed to hatch and the hatched larvae were collected after 48h. After being counted, and separated by morphological traits, sample of six larva from each morphological groups were collected for molecular analysis. For DNA barcoding, DNA were extracted from each sample, amplified, and sequenced with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I by Polymerase Chain reaction. A total of 13,369 larvae were studied, being the highest abundance (22.91%) and diversity (13 distinct groups) registered in May. Hatched larvae were separated in 15 morphological groups, from each eight were successfully identified (>98% identity) as Naso brevirostrus, Scolopsis bilineta, Myripristes hexagona, Paracanthurus hepatus, Labroides dimidatus, Sargocentron rubrum, S. diadema, and Platax orbicularis. In five groups only genera were identified as Myripristis and Naso, showing a great morphological variability due to the existence of several species of the same genus or sharing the same traits at 48h. This study contributes to tropical fish specific identification in controlled environments, which can give information on the reproduction biology behaviour of the species in collection that can be useful to improve tropical fishes management and conservation in the Aquarium.
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to identify the Indo-Pacific tropical fish under reproduction in the Oceanário de Lisboa through mtCOI barcoding. Between December 2022 and May 2023, three times a week, the eggs from Indian exhibition tank were caught, placed to hatch and the hatched larvae were collected after 48h. After being counted, and separated by morphological traits, sample of six larva from each morphological groups were collected for molecular analysis. For DNA barcoding, DNA were extracted from each sample, amplified, and sequenced with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I by Polymerase Chain reaction. A total of 13,369 larvae were studied, being the highest abundance (22.91%) and diversity (13 distinct groups) registered in May. Hatched larvae were separated in 15 morphological groups, from each eight were successfully identified (>98% identity) as Naso brevirostrus, Scolopsis bilineta, Myripristes hexagona, Paracanthurus hepatus, Labroides dimidatus, Sargocentron rubrum, S. diadema, and Platax orbicularis. In five groups only genera were identified as Myripristis and Naso, showing a great morphological variability due to the existence of several species of the same genus or sharing the same traits at 48h. This study contributes to tropical fish specific identification in controlled environments, which can give information on the reproduction biology behaviour of the species in collection that can be useful to improve tropical fishes management and conservation in the Aquarium.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação de Professora Doutora Joana Robalo, apresentada no Ispa - Instituto Universitário para a obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Biologia Marinha e Conservação.
Keywords
Larvas Peixes Tropicais DNA barcoding Biologia da Conservação Oceanário de Lisboa Larva Tropical Fish DNA barcoding Conservation Biology Oceanário de Lisboa