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Introdução: O Papiloma vírus Humano (HPV) é a infeção sexualmente
transmissível mais prevalente a nível global e constitui um importante problema de
saúde pública, dada a sua associação com lesões benignas, pré-malignas e malignas.
Apesar dos avanços científicos e da introdução de vacinas eficazes, o conhecimento da
população sobre o HPV continua insuficiente, comprometendo a adesão às medidas de
prevenção e rastreio. Objetivo de estudo: Avaliar a influência da perceção, da
ansiedade e do uso de preservativo no conhecimento sobre o HPV, considerando
diferenças entre género e grupos etários, numa amostra da população portuguesa.
Método: Participaram 368 mulheres e 158 homens. Foi realizado um estudo
quantitativo, transversal e analítico, recorrendo à aplicação de questionários adaptados:
Escala de Conhecimento sobre o HPV, Escala do Modelo de Crenças na Saúde,
Inventário de Ansiedade Estado-Traço (STAI) e questionário sobre comportamentos
sexuais e preventivos. A análise estatística incluiu regressões lineares múltiplas na
amostra de homens e de mulheres. Resultados: No grupo de homens, o modelo de
regressão não foi globalmente significativo, embora a ansiedade traço tenha apresentado
associação positiva com o conhecimento. No grupo de mulheres, o modelo foi
estatisticamente significativo, explicando cerca de 12% da variabilidade do
conhecimento; as crenças de benefícios e suscetibilidade associaram-se positivamente,
enquanto a perceção de barreiras teve efeito negativo. Verificou-se ainda que
participantes mais jovens apresentaram níveis inferiores de conhecimento e menor
consistência no uso de preservativo. Discussão: Os resultados confirmam maior
conhecimento entre as mulheres, refletindo o enfoque das campanhas de prevenção
neste grupo. Contudo, a baixa literacia masculina e a vulnerabilidade dos mais jovens
reforçam a necessidade de estratégias educativas inclusivas e adaptadas à idade,
fundamentais para reduzir a transmissão do HPV e prevenir doenças associadas
Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection worldwide and represents an important public health issue due to its association with benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions. Despite scientific advances and the introduction of effective vaccines, public knowledge about HPV remains insufficient, compromising adherence to prevention and screening measures. Study objective: To assess the influence of perception, anxiety, and condom use on HPV knowledge, considering gender and age group differences in a sample of the Portuguese population. Method: A total of 368 women and 158 men participated. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted using adapted questionnaires: HPV Knowledge Scale, Health Belief Model Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a questionnaire on sexual and preventive behaviors. Statistical analysis included multiple linear regressions in the male and female samples. Results: In the male group, the regression model was not globally significant, although trait anxiety showed a positive association with knowledge. In the female group, the model was statistically significant, explaining approximately 12% of the variability in knowledge; beliefs in benefits and susceptibility were positively associated, whereas perceived barriers had a negative effect. It was also observed that younger participants presented lower levels of knowledge and less consistency in condom use. Discussion: The results confirm higher knowledge among women, reflecting the focus of prevention campaigns on this group. However, low male literacy and the vulnerability of younger individuals highlight the need for inclusive and age-appropriate educational strategies, which are essential to reduce HPV transmission and prevent associated diseases.
Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection worldwide and represents an important public health issue due to its association with benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions. Despite scientific advances and the introduction of effective vaccines, public knowledge about HPV remains insufficient, compromising adherence to prevention and screening measures. Study objective: To assess the influence of perception, anxiety, and condom use on HPV knowledge, considering gender and age group differences in a sample of the Portuguese population. Method: A total of 368 women and 158 men participated. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted using adapted questionnaires: HPV Knowledge Scale, Health Belief Model Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a questionnaire on sexual and preventive behaviors. Statistical analysis included multiple linear regressions in the male and female samples. Results: In the male group, the regression model was not globally significant, although trait anxiety showed a positive association with knowledge. In the female group, the model was statistically significant, explaining approximately 12% of the variability in knowledge; beliefs in benefits and susceptibility were positively associated, whereas perceived barriers had a negative effect. It was also observed that younger participants presented lower levels of knowledge and less consistency in condom use. Discussion: The results confirm higher knowledge among women, reflecting the focus of prevention campaigns on this group. However, low male literacy and the vulnerability of younger individuals highlight the need for inclusive and age-appropriate educational strategies, which are essential to reduce HPV transmission and prevent associated diseases.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para a obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Papiloma vírus humano (HPV) Conhecimento Perceção de risco Ansiedade Estado-Traço Comportamentos preventivos Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Knowledge Risk Perception State-Trait Anxiety Preventive Behaviors