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Publication
O impacto dos psicadélicos clássicos na personalidade: Uma revisão sistemática de estudos naturalísticos
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O estudo com psicadélicos clássicos está em constante crescimento,
nomeadamente o do impacto positivo destas substâncias na saúde mental. Tem havido
também um crescente interesse sobre o seu impacto na personalidade. A presente revisão
sistemática investiga a influência de psicadélicos clássicos nos traços de personalidade
observados em sujeitos de idade adulta, em contextos naturalísticos.
A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed,
EMBASE e Web of Science, obtendo um total de 2999 artigos, dos quais foram
selecionados 17, após uma análise final. A qualidade metodológica foi realizada
utilizando a ferramenta “NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and
Cross-Sectional Studies”, classificando 10 artigos como sendo de boa qualidade, um de
qualidade razoável e seis de fraca qualidade.
Os 17 estudos envolveram 5128 participantes, maioritariamente do sexo
masculino (60,4%), com uma idade média de 37,4 anos. A substância consumida mais
comum nos artigos foi a ayahuasca, estando presente em 13 estudos. Os artigos foram
realizados em diversos países, como o Brasil, Espanha, Peru, República Checa, Estados
Unidos, Holanda, Argentina, Costa Rica e Uruguai. Embora não exista um consenso na
escala de medição de personalidade, foi possível observar diversas alterações nos traços
de personalidade, existindo uma predominância na redução do traço de neuroticismo e
hostilidade e um aumento na abertura para com o outro, agradabilidade e extroversão.
No entanto, de modo a compreender o impacto destas substâncias a longo prazo é
crucial a realização de estudos longitudinais, assim como uma uniformização das escalas
utilizadas para medir os traços de personalidade.
ABSTRACT: The study of classic psychedelics is constantly growing, particularly the positive impact of these substances on mental health. There has also been growing interest in its impact on personality. The present systematic review investigates the influence of classic psychedelics on personality traits observed in adult subjects, in naturalistic contexts. The search was carried out in the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases, obtaining a total of 2999 articles, of which 17 were selected, after a final analysis. Methodological quality was carried out using the “NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies”, classifying 10 articles as being of good quality, one of reasonable quality and six of poor quality. The 17 studies involved 5128 participants, mostly male (60.4%), with an average age of 37.4 years. The most common substance consumed in the articles was ayahuasca, being present in 13 studies. The articles were carried out in several countries, such as Brazil, Spain, Peru, Czech Republic, United States, Netherlands, Argentina, Costa Rica and Uruguay. Although there is no consensus on the personality measurement scale, it was possible to observe several changes in personality traits, with a predominance of a reduction in the traits of neuroticism and hostility and an increase in openness towards others, agreeableness and extroversion. However, in order to understand the long-term impact of these substances, it is crucial to carry out longitudinal studies, as well as to standardize the scales used to measure personality traits.
ABSTRACT: The study of classic psychedelics is constantly growing, particularly the positive impact of these substances on mental health. There has also been growing interest in its impact on personality. The present systematic review investigates the influence of classic psychedelics on personality traits observed in adult subjects, in naturalistic contexts. The search was carried out in the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases, obtaining a total of 2999 articles, of which 17 were selected, after a final analysis. Methodological quality was carried out using the “NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies”, classifying 10 articles as being of good quality, one of reasonable quality and six of poor quality. The 17 studies involved 5128 participants, mostly male (60.4%), with an average age of 37.4 years. The most common substance consumed in the articles was ayahuasca, being present in 13 studies. The articles were carried out in several countries, such as Brazil, Spain, Peru, Czech Republic, United States, Netherlands, Argentina, Costa Rica and Uruguay. Although there is no consensus on the personality measurement scale, it was possible to observe several changes in personality traits, with a predominance of a reduction in the traits of neuroticism and hostility and an increase in openness towards others, agreeableness and extroversion. However, in order to understand the long-term impact of these substances, it is crucial to carry out longitudinal studies, as well as to standardize the scales used to measure personality traits.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado
apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Personalidade Alteração de personalidade Substâncias psicadélicas Terapia Contexto naturalístico Personality Personality change Psychedelic substances Therapy Naturalistic context