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Queixas subjetivas e performance objetiva: Estudo correlacional com recurso à repeatable battery of the assessement of neuropsychological status
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: As queixas subjetivas de memória (QSM) referem-se a queixas de memória
autorrelatadas podendo apresentar ou não défice cognitivo objetivo, comprovado através de
avaliação neuropsicológica. Normalmente ocorrem em indivíduos mais velhos e são
frequentemente relatadas em contexto clínico. A literatura é ambígua em relação às QSM serem
um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento futuro de declínio cognitivo. Alguns estudos
demonstram que as QSM podem ter um caracter preditivo para o desenvolvimento de DCL e
AD. Contudo, outros estudos contradizem e defendem que as QSM não predizem a progressão
para demência. Objetivo: O presente estudo pretende perceber qual a relação entre as queixas
subjetivas de memória e performance cognitiva objetiva dos indivíduos. Assim sendo, colocouse em hipótese de que quanto mais queixas os indivíduos apresentam, pior será a sua
performance cognitiva. Métodos: A amostra do estudo era comporta por 91 participantes. Foi
utilizada a Escala de Queixas de Memória (QSM) para avaliar as queixas subjetivas e as provas
de memória episódica da Repeatable Battery of Assessement of Neuropsychological Status
(RBANS) e o Montreal Cognitive Assessement (MoCA) para avaliar a performance cognitiva
dos indivíduos. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva para a caracterização da amostra e das
provas aplicadas e recorreu-se ao Coeficiente de correlação de Pearson para estudar a relação
entre as variáveis. Efetuou-se também comparações entre grupos na performance no MoCA
através do teste t de student. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos comprovam que as queixas
subjetivas se correlacionam negativamente com a performance cognitiva, com exceção da prova
Reprodução da Figura (Memória). Apenas a prova Evocação da História mostrou uma
associação estatisticamente significativa com as QSM. No entanto, os valores de correlação
encontram-se abaixo de 0.30, indicando uma associação fraca entre as queixas de memória e a
performance em provas de memória episódica. No MoCA, a comparação entre grupos
demonstrou que as médias no grupo onde os indivíduos estavam abaixo do ponto de corte são
mais baixas, com a exceção na prova Aprendizagem de uma História. Conclusão: Os resultados
parecem ir de encontro a alguma da literatura existente, que demonstra haver associação entre
as queixas subjetivas de memória e declínio cognitivo.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Subjective memory complaints (SMC) refer to self-reported memory complaints that may or may not present an objective cognitive deficit, proven through neuropsychological assessment. They typically occur in older individuals and are frequently reported in a clinical context. The literature is ambiguous regarding SMC being a risk factor for the future development of cognitive decline. Some studies demonstrate that SMC may be predictive of the development of MCI and AD. However, other studies contradict and argue that SMC do not predict progression to dementia. Aim: The present study aims to understand the relationship between subjective memory complaints and objective cognitive performance of individuals. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the more complaints individuals present, the worse their cognitive performance will be. Methods: The study sample consisted of 91 participants. The Subjective Memory Complaints Scale (SMC) was used to evaluate subjective complaints and episodic memory tests from the Repeatable Battery of Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to evaluate the individuals' cognitive performance. Descriptive analysis was performed to describe the sample and the tests applied and the Pearson Coefficient was used to study the relationship between the variables. Comparisons were also made between groups for MoCA performance using the t student test. Results: The results obtained prove that subjective complaints are negatively correlated with cognitive performance, with the exception of the Figure Recall test. Only the Story Recall test showed a statistically significant association with the SMC. However, correlation values are below 0.30, indicating a weak association between memory complaints and performance in episodic memory tests. In MoCA, the comparison between groups demonstrated that the means in the group where individuals were below the cutoff point were lower, with the exception of the Story Memory test. Conclusion: The results seem to be in line with some of the existing literature, which demonstrates an association between subjective memory complaints and cognitive decline.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Subjective memory complaints (SMC) refer to self-reported memory complaints that may or may not present an objective cognitive deficit, proven through neuropsychological assessment. They typically occur in older individuals and are frequently reported in a clinical context. The literature is ambiguous regarding SMC being a risk factor for the future development of cognitive decline. Some studies demonstrate that SMC may be predictive of the development of MCI and AD. However, other studies contradict and argue that SMC do not predict progression to dementia. Aim: The present study aims to understand the relationship between subjective memory complaints and objective cognitive performance of individuals. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the more complaints individuals present, the worse their cognitive performance will be. Methods: The study sample consisted of 91 participants. The Subjective Memory Complaints Scale (SMC) was used to evaluate subjective complaints and episodic memory tests from the Repeatable Battery of Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to evaluate the individuals' cognitive performance. Descriptive analysis was performed to describe the sample and the tests applied and the Pearson Coefficient was used to study the relationship between the variables. Comparisons were also made between groups for MoCA performance using the t student test. Results: The results obtained prove that subjective complaints are negatively correlated with cognitive performance, with the exception of the Figure Recall test. Only the Story Recall test showed a statistically significant association with the SMC. However, correlation values are below 0.30, indicating a weak association between memory complaints and performance in episodic memory tests. In MoCA, the comparison between groups demonstrated that the means in the group where individuals were below the cutoff point were lower, with the exception of the Story Memory test. Conclusion: The results seem to be in line with some of the existing literature, which demonstrates an association between subjective memory complaints and cognitive decline.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob orientação de Prof. Raquel
Lemos, apresentada no ISPA-Instituto Universitário para a
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica.
Keywords
Queixas subjetivas de memória Meta-memória Memória objetiva Subjective memory complaints Metamemory Objective memory