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Experiência de crise na doença inflamatória intestinal : Um estudo fenomenológico-existencial
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As Doenças Inflamatórias do Intestino (DII) são cada vez mais prevalentes na
população portuguesa. Estima-se que cerca de cerca de 12 mil portugueses sofram desta
doença, no entanto, a vergonha causada pelos sintomas faz com que não recorram aos
serviços de saúde para tratamento.
Sabe-se que, tal como noutras doenças de foro psicossomático, a relação entre o corpo e
a mente é bilateral. Desta forma, o estado psicológico e emocional influencia
significativamente a frequência e gravidade das crises, diminuindo a qualidade de vida
destas pessoas.
Objetivo: Este estudo visa encontrar um padrão por detrás das experiências vividas de
crise. A descrição e compreensão deste fenómeno permitirá futuramente ajudar, em
situação de terapia ou apoio psicológico, outras pessoas que sofram de doença
inflamatória intestinal.
Método: Foram recolhidos onze relatos, nos quais os participantes descreveram os seus
sintomas físicos, estado psicológico, emoções, pensamentos e estratégias adotadas
perante a situação de crise da doença. A análise dos dados foi feita através da
metodologia qualitativa e fenomenológica de Giorgi.
Resultados: Os relatos dos onze participantes formaram um modelo de experiência
vivida de crise em comum, no qual descreve a predominância de estratégias de coping
de controlo e evitamento, significados e sentimentos negativos atribuídos à doença e
dirigidos para si-mesmo.
Conclusões: Os resultados foram de encontro à literatura acerca da experiência vivida
de estar-doente, corroborando que a experiência de crise altera o modo de viver a
temporalidade, assim como altera os significados atribuídos ao seu modo-de-estar-nomundo
e imagem pessoal, levantando também questões relativas à sua finitude.
ABSTRACT: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are turning into a big concern among portuguese people. It is estimated that about 12 thousand Portuguese suffer from this disease, however, the embarassment caused by the symptoms is the reason for not resort to health services for treatment. It is known that, as in other psychosomatic disorders, the relationship between body and mind is bilateral. Thus, the psychological and emotional state may influence significantly the frequency and severity of the symptoms, reducing their quality of life. Aim: The aim of this study is to find a pattern behind the experience of crisis. The description and understanding of this phenomenon will eventually help these individuals in therapy situations or psychological support. Method: Eleven participants reports were collected, in which the physical symptoms were described, as well as their psychological state, emotions, thoughts and strategies adopted before the crisis of the disease. Data analysis was persued with Giorgi’s qualitative and phenomenological method. Results: Common elements were found among the crisis experiences from the eleven participants. It was possible to arrange a model which describes the lived experience of crisis of IBD, based on these stories. This model describes the prevalence of coping strategies of control and avoidance, as well as the negative feelings and meanings attributed to the disease and thus to self. Conclusion: The results are consistent with the literature on the lived experience of being sick, confirming that the crisis experience changes the way people perceive life, as well its temporality, thus changing the meanings attributed to their way-of-being-inworld, their personal image and their own finitude.
ABSTRACT: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are turning into a big concern among portuguese people. It is estimated that about 12 thousand Portuguese suffer from this disease, however, the embarassment caused by the symptoms is the reason for not resort to health services for treatment. It is known that, as in other psychosomatic disorders, the relationship between body and mind is bilateral. Thus, the psychological and emotional state may influence significantly the frequency and severity of the symptoms, reducing their quality of life. Aim: The aim of this study is to find a pattern behind the experience of crisis. The description and understanding of this phenomenon will eventually help these individuals in therapy situations or psychological support. Method: Eleven participants reports were collected, in which the physical symptoms were described, as well as their psychological state, emotions, thoughts and strategies adopted before the crisis of the disease. Data analysis was persued with Giorgi’s qualitative and phenomenological method. Results: Common elements were found among the crisis experiences from the eleven participants. It was possible to arrange a model which describes the lived experience of crisis of IBD, based on these stories. This model describes the prevalence of coping strategies of control and avoidance, as well as the negative feelings and meanings attributed to the disease and thus to self. Conclusion: The results are consistent with the literature on the lived experience of being sick, confirming that the crisis experience changes the way people perceive life, as well its temporality, thus changing the meanings attributed to their way-of-being-inworld, their personal image and their own finitude.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Doença inflamatória do intestino Colite ulcerativa Crise Colite ulcerativa Psicossomática Psiconeuroimunologia Fenomenologia Experiência vivida Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Crisis Ulcerative Colitis Psychosomatics Psychoneuroimmunology Phenomenology Lived experience