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Exposição à violência interparental na infância: impacto nas crenças da população geral, na legitimação da violência e nas ações perante situações violentas
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As crianças expostas à violência interparental são frequentemente designadas como vítimas esquecidas, embora apresentem níveis de vulnerabilidade e risco semelhantes aos das vítimas diretas de violência. Este tipo de violência constitui uma das formas mais prevalentes de violência doméstica, exercendo um impacto
significativo no desenvolvimento psicológico, emocional e social dos indivíduos, bem como nas crenças da sociedade acerca da sua legitimação.
A presente investigação teve como objetivo explorar a influência da exposição à violência interparental durante a infância nas crenças legitimadoras da violência e nas ações adotadas pelos indivíduos perante o conhecimento de situações de violência interparental.
Participaram neste estudo 1 355 indivíduos, com idades compreendidas entre 17 e 80 anos (M = 35.43; DP = 13.04), maioritariamente do sexo feminino (87.6%). A recolha de dados foi realizada online, através da plataforma QualtricsXM, e integrou um
questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Crenças sobre Violência Interparental (E.C.V.I.), o Questionário sobre o Conhecimento e Ações perante a Violência Doméstica, e os itens do Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) relativos à exposição à violência interparental.
Os resultados evidenciaram uma associação significativa entre a exposição à violência interparental e crenças mais permissivas face à violência. Contudo, não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas ações adotadas perante o conhecimento de situações de violência contra crianças, independentemente do tipo de exposição prévia (direta, indireta ou inexistente).
Children exposed to interparental violence are often referred to as the forgotten victims, yet they display levels of vulnerability and risk comparable to those of direct victims of violence. This form of violence is one of the most prevalent types of domestic violence and has a significant impact on the psychological, emotional, and social development of individuals, as well as on societal beliefs regarding the legitimisation of such behaviour. The present study aimed to explore the influence of exposure to interparental violence during childhood on legitimising beliefs about violence and on the actions taken by individuals when aware of situations involving interparental violence. A total of 1,355 participants took part in the study, aged between 17 and 80 years (M = 35.43; SD = 13.04), the majority of whom were female (87.6%). Data were collected online through the QualtricsXM platform and included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beliefs about Interparental Violence Scale (E.C.V.I.), the Questionnaire on Knowledge and Actions towards Domestic Violence, and selected items from the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) referring to exposure to interparental violence. Findings revealed a significant association between exposure to interparental violence and more permissive beliefs towards violence. However, no statistically significant differences were found in the actions taken when participants became aware of situations of violence against children, regardless of the type of previous exposure (direct, indirect, or none).
Children exposed to interparental violence are often referred to as the forgotten victims, yet they display levels of vulnerability and risk comparable to those of direct victims of violence. This form of violence is one of the most prevalent types of domestic violence and has a significant impact on the psychological, emotional, and social development of individuals, as well as on societal beliefs regarding the legitimisation of such behaviour. The present study aimed to explore the influence of exposure to interparental violence during childhood on legitimising beliefs about violence and on the actions taken by individuals when aware of situations involving interparental violence. A total of 1,355 participants took part in the study, aged between 17 and 80 years (M = 35.43; SD = 13.04), the majority of whom were female (87.6%). Data were collected online through the QualtricsXM platform and included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beliefs about Interparental Violence Scale (E.C.V.I.), the Questionnaire on Knowledge and Actions towards Domestic Violence, and selected items from the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) referring to exposure to interparental violence. Findings revealed a significant association between exposure to interparental violence and more permissive beliefs towards violence. However, no statistically significant differences were found in the actions taken when participants became aware of situations of violence against children, regardless of the type of previous exposure (direct, indirect, or none).
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para a obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Violência interparental Crenças sobre a violência interparental Ações perante a violência Experiências adversas na infância Interparental violence Beliefs about interparental violence Actions towards violence Adverse childhood experiences.