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Estudo fenomenológico sobre a experiência da lesão medular traumática : A tetraplegia
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo tem como principais objetivos a descrição e compreensão da experiência subjetiva da lesão medular traumática, mais especificamente, compreender a vivência da tetraplegia através do olhar dos próprios tetraplégicos. Neste estudo foi utilizado o método fenomenológico de Amadeo Giorgi com o intuito de estudar os fenómenos vividos pelos diferentes indivíduos e alcançar uma descrição final da experiência com os seus constituintes essenciais. A amostra é constituída por cinco participantes do sexo masculino que sofreram uma lesão medular que originou um quadro de tetraplegia, com idades compreendidas entre os 29 e os 53 anos. Os resultados indicam que ocorrem dois momentos distintos na experiência da lesão medular. Um primeiro momento em que o individuo é confrontado com o seu diagnóstico e reage a este e um segundo momento que se prolonga no tempo, a adaptação à situação de tetraplegia. Foi identificado que é durante este segundo momento que o indivíduo se apercebe das dificuldades que esta nova situação origina. Os fatores que mais causam transtorno nesta vivência, de acordo com os participantes, são a dependência total de terceiros e as consequências físicas da tetraplegia, como a perda do controlo dos esfíncteres e o surgimento de úlceras de pressão.
ABSTRACT: This study’s main objectives are to describe and comprehend the subjective experience of a traumatic spinal cord injury, more specifically, to understand what is to live with tetraplegia through the eyes of the tetraplegic. The phenomenological method of Amedeo Giorgi was used in this study with the purpose of studying the phenomenon experienced by different individuals and to achieve a final description of the experience with its essential constituents. The selected sample consists of five male participants with ages between 29 and 53, who suffered a spinal cord injury that resulted in a diagnosis of tetraplegia. The results indicate that occur two different moments in the experience of spinal cord injury. A first moment where the subject is confronted with his diagnosis and reacts to it and a second moment that spreads across time, the adjustment to the tetraplegia situation. It was found that it is during this adjustment that the subject realizes the difficulties created by this new situation. The factors that most disturb the subjects are the total dependency of others and the physical consequences of tetraplegia, such as the loss of control of the sphincters and the development of pressure ulcers.
ABSTRACT: This study’s main objectives are to describe and comprehend the subjective experience of a traumatic spinal cord injury, more specifically, to understand what is to live with tetraplegia through the eyes of the tetraplegic. The phenomenological method of Amedeo Giorgi was used in this study with the purpose of studying the phenomenon experienced by different individuals and to achieve a final description of the experience with its essential constituents. The selected sample consists of five male participants with ages between 29 and 53, who suffered a spinal cord injury that resulted in a diagnosis of tetraplegia. The results indicate that occur two different moments in the experience of spinal cord injury. A first moment where the subject is confronted with his diagnosis and reacts to it and a second moment that spreads across time, the adjustment to the tetraplegia situation. It was found that it is during this adjustment that the subject realizes the difficulties created by this new situation. The factors that most disturb the subjects are the total dependency of others and the physical consequences of tetraplegia, such as the loss of control of the sphincters and the development of pressure ulcers.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Lesão medular Tetraplegia Experiência subjetiva Fenomenologia Método fenomenológico Spinal cord injury Subjective experience Phenomenology Phenomenological method