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Limitações na avaliação de perturbação de personalidade: Aspectos conceptuais e metodológicos
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nas últimas décadas, tem havido um aumento
acentuado na produção de instrumentos destinados a
avaliar perturbação de personalidade. Muitos desses
instrumentos baseiam-se na taxonomia expressa no
Eixo II do DSM apesar de vários autores terem
chamado a atenção para diversos problemas
conceptuais e metodológicos deste sistema de
classificação. O objectivo do presente artigo é pois
descrever e caracterizar os principais problemas
psicométricos inerentes aos instrumentos de avaliação
baseados no DSM tais como a existência de elevadas
taxas de co-morbilidade entre as diversas perturbações
de personalidade, ausência de concordância entre
instrumentos, foco exclusivo nos sintomas, falta de
ênfase desenvolvimental e divergência em relação à
prática clínica. Parece pois necessário conduzir
estudos sobre a validade dos construtos associados à
noção actual de perturbação de personalidade e
desenvolver instrumentos alternativos que possam
obter uma aceitação mais generalizada. Deste modo, o
artigo termina com uma breve exposição de algumas
das contribuições oferecidas até ao momento,
nomeadamente pelas teorias psicanalíticas, no sentido
de tentar colmatar algumas das falhas apontadas na
avaliação deste tipo de patologia.
ABSTRACT: Over the last decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of instruments devised to assess personality disorder. Many of these measures have been modelled after the DSM categories expressed in the Axis II. However, several authors have expressed concerns with regards to the way personality disorders are described in this classification system. The aim of the present study is to describe and characterize the main psychometric problems which have been found among those measures such as high co-morbidity of personality disorder diagnoses, lack of agreement between instruments, excessive focus on observable symptoms, lack of developmental emphasis, and divergence from clinical practice. Conclusions are drawn with regards to the need to conduct validity studies on the personality disorder constructs and to develop alternative assessment methods. In this line, an overview of some preliminary attempts to circumvent some of the assessment problems is presented, namely research efforts stemming from psychoanalytic models.
ABSTRACT: Over the last decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of instruments devised to assess personality disorder. Many of these measures have been modelled after the DSM categories expressed in the Axis II. However, several authors have expressed concerns with regards to the way personality disorders are described in this classification system. The aim of the present study is to describe and characterize the main psychometric problems which have been found among those measures such as high co-morbidity of personality disorder diagnoses, lack of agreement between instruments, excessive focus on observable symptoms, lack of developmental emphasis, and divergence from clinical practice. Conclusions are drawn with regards to the need to conduct validity studies on the personality disorder constructs and to develop alternative assessment methods. In this line, an overview of some preliminary attempts to circumvent some of the assessment problems is presented, namely research efforts stemming from psychoanalytic models.
Description
Keywords
Diagnóstico de perturbação de personalidade Métodos de avaliação Perturbação de personalidade Assessment methods Personality disorder Personality disorder diagnosis
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 28(4), 651-663
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada