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Quando a dark triad entra em campo: Diferença na prevalência de traços “negros” em treinadores e atletas, motivação e desempenho percebido dos atletas
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os traços que constituem a Dark Triad (i.e., Maquiavelismo, Psicopatia, Narcisismo)
têm sido amplamente investigados no contexto desportivo. Todavia, a literatura sobre a
diferença da prevalência de traços “negros” entre treinadores e atletas, bem como o impacto
dessa diferença nos outcomes do atleta, é inexistente. Assim, o presente estudo teve dois
objetivos: 1) Estudar o efeito da diferença de traços da Dark Triad entre treinadores e atletas
sobre o Desempenho Percebido dos atletas, e 2) Testar o efeito mediador da motivação nesta
relação. Participaram no estudo 139 atletas de ambos os sexos (Midade = 23.00, DP = 4.84) de
diversas modalidades desportivas. Os participantes responderam a um questionário online no
qual realizaram uma auto e heteroavaliação dos traços “negros” nos seus treinadores através de
uma escala adaptada da Dirty Dozen (Jonason & Webster, 2010), reportaram a sua motivação
desportiva por intermédio da Sports Motivation Scale II-P (Pettelier et al., 2013) e o seu
desempenho percebido através do Questionário de Perceção de Rendimento Desportivo
(Gomes, 2016). Os resultados sugerem que a diferença da prevalência de psicopatia entre
treinadores e atletas se relaciona negativamente com o desempenho percebido pelos atletas. A
diferença relativa aos restantes traços “negros” não se relacionou com a motivação desportiva
ou com o desempenho percebido. Análises adicionais evidenciaram que, de uma forma geral, a
perceção de traços “negros” no treinador se relacionou com a desmotivação dos atletas e com
uma perceção de pior desempenho desportivo. O presente estudo realça assim a importância de
considerar os traços “negros” dos treinadores e a sua influência no desempenho e motivação
dos atletas.
ABSTRACT: Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, Narcissism) have been extensively studied in the sporting context. However, previous research has not studied yet the prevalence of dark triad traits on both coaches and athletes, as well as the impact of this difference on athlete outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to address two objectives: 1) To examine the effect of differences in Dark Triad traits between coaches and athletes on athletes’ perceived performance, and 2) To examine the mediating effect of motivation in this relationship. A sample of 139 athletes (Mage = 23.00; SD = 4.84) from multiple types of sports participated in this study. Participants completed an online survey in which they self-assessed and hetero-assessed dark triad traits in their coaches using an adapted version of the Dirty Dozen (Jonason & Webster, 2010) to the sporting context. They also assessed their sports motivation using The Sports Motivation Scale II-P (Pettelier et al., 2013) and reported their perceived performance using the Perceived Sports Performance Questionnaire (Gomes, 2016). The results suggest that differences in the prevalence of psychopathy between coaches and athletes are negatively associated with athletes’ perceived performance. Differences in other dark traits were not significantly related to sports motivation or perceived performance. Addition analyses showed that, in general, perceiving dark triad trait in coaches was associated with lower perceived performance and motivation in athletes. The present study highlights the importance of considering coaches’ dark traits and their influence on athletes’ perceived sports performance and motivation.
ABSTRACT: Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, Narcissism) have been extensively studied in the sporting context. However, previous research has not studied yet the prevalence of dark triad traits on both coaches and athletes, as well as the impact of this difference on athlete outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to address two objectives: 1) To examine the effect of differences in Dark Triad traits between coaches and athletes on athletes’ perceived performance, and 2) To examine the mediating effect of motivation in this relationship. A sample of 139 athletes (Mage = 23.00; SD = 4.84) from multiple types of sports participated in this study. Participants completed an online survey in which they self-assessed and hetero-assessed dark triad traits in their coaches using an adapted version of the Dirty Dozen (Jonason & Webster, 2010) to the sporting context. They also assessed their sports motivation using The Sports Motivation Scale II-P (Pettelier et al., 2013) and reported their perceived performance using the Perceived Sports Performance Questionnaire (Gomes, 2016). The results suggest that differences in the prevalence of psychopathy between coaches and athletes are negatively associated with athletes’ perceived performance. Differences in other dark traits were not significantly related to sports motivation or perceived performance. Addition analyses showed that, in general, perceiving dark triad trait in coaches was associated with lower perceived performance and motivation in athletes. The present study highlights the importance of considering coaches’ dark traits and their influence on athletes’ perceived sports performance and motivation.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no
Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau
de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das
Organizações
Keywords
Dark Triad Perceção Motivação Avaliação de desempenho Relação treinador-atleta Perceived performance Dark triad Coach-athlete relationship Motivation