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Publication
Utentes da consulta externa de grávidas adolescentes da Maternidade Júlio Dinis entre os anos de 2000 e 2003
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente estudo tem por principal objectivo caracterizar
as condições relativas à gravidez na adolescência
em Portugal. Ao analisar as mudanças que
ocorrem ao longo da gestação, em áreas significativas
da vida da adolescente, pretende também contribuir
para o melhor conhecimento das dificuldades associadas
a esta problemática.
Uma amostra de 161 adolescentes, atendidas na Consulta
Externa de Obstetrícia da Maternidade Júlio Dinis
(MJD, Porto), no período entre Janeiro de 2000 e
Dezembro de 2003, foi entrevistada, durante o terceiro
trimestre de gestação, com base no Questionário da
Consulta de Grávidas Adolescentes da MJD (Figueiredo,
2000), composto por 125 perguntas fechadas, destinadas
à recolha de dados sociais e demográficos, respeitantes
à adolescente, ao companheiro e à família de
origem, bem como ao levantamento das circunstâncias
médicas, psicológicas e sociais de risco em que a gravidez
decorre.
À semelhança do que tem sido reportado por diversos
autores, em estudos realizados em Portugal, assim
como noutros países, encontramos, na nossa consulta,
uma elevada frequência de casos pertencentes às camadas
mais desfavorecidas da população, não obstante
a variabilidade social e demográfica da amostra, com
predomínio de: baixos níveis de escolaridade, situações
de precariedade económica, desemprego e profissões
de reduzida qualificação. Os dados indicam ainda
a presença muito frequente de experiências anteriores
de vida adversas e de problemas na família de origem,
quer da grávida, quer do seu companheiro. Outras circunstâncias
desfavoráveis foram observadas, pois
muitas vezes a gravidez não foi desejada, não foi planeada,
o acompanhamento médico foi tardio e verifica-
se consumo de tabaco.
Os resultados sugerem também que uma importante
dimensão do problema é a drástica mudança que acontece
em diversas áreas de vida da adolescente, particularmente
ao nível do seu estatuto ocupacional, estatuto
matrimonial, agregado familiar e relacionamento com
o companheiro, que frequentemente se deteriora no decurso
da gravidez.
Em conclusão, este estudo alerta para as dificuldades
e situações de risco nas quais a gravidez na adolescência
pode ocorrer e contribui para a necessária melhor
compreensão da especificidade associada a esta
problemática, imprescindível à resposta adequada às
reais necessidades das mães. Mostra ainda que uma
ajuda suplementar justifica-se em muitos casos, dadas
as circunstâncias desfavoráveis em que a gravidez na
adolescência se verifica, que o presente artigo retracta.
The principal aim of the present study is to characterize the conditions in which adolescent pregnancy occurs in Portugal. As its analyses the changes that may happen during the gestation, in significant areas of the adolescent life, a contribute to a better understanding of the difficulties associated with this problematic is also intended. A sample of 161 pregnant adolescent outpatients of the Julio Dinis Maternity Hospital Service for Adolescent Mothers between 2000 and 2003 were interview, during the third trimester of pregnancy, on the base of a 125 close questions questionnaire (Questionário da Consulta de Grávidas Adolescentes da MJD; Figueiredo, 2000), collecting information about socio-demographic data regarding the subject, the partner and the family of origin, as well as about medical, psychological and social risk circumstances related with pregnancy. As literature has been pointing out, in Portuguese as in other countries studies, we observed an over-representation of cases belonging to the most unprivileged population, despite the variability on the socio-demographics of the sample: low educational levels, precarious economic situations, unemployment and low qualification professions. Our results also indicate the high frequency of problems on the family of origin and of previous adverse life experiences regarding the adolescent, as well as the partner. We found other unfavorable circumstances, as commonly the pregnancy is not planned, not desired, not medically assisted and tobacco is used. Our data also suggest that one important dimension of the problem is the great changes that occur in several areas of the adolescent life, especially on their occupational status, marital status, familiar aggregate, and relationship with the partner, which is worse by the end of the pregnancy. In conclusion, this study alerts for several difficulties and risk conditions in which adolescent pregnancy may occurs and gives us the necessary better comprehension of the specificities related to this problem to the assistance of the real mother’s needs. It also shows that in many cases a supplementary help is justified, taking in account the adverse circumstances in which the pregnancy occurs that this article shows.
The principal aim of the present study is to characterize the conditions in which adolescent pregnancy occurs in Portugal. As its analyses the changes that may happen during the gestation, in significant areas of the adolescent life, a contribute to a better understanding of the difficulties associated with this problematic is also intended. A sample of 161 pregnant adolescent outpatients of the Julio Dinis Maternity Hospital Service for Adolescent Mothers between 2000 and 2003 were interview, during the third trimester of pregnancy, on the base of a 125 close questions questionnaire (Questionário da Consulta de Grávidas Adolescentes da MJD; Figueiredo, 2000), collecting information about socio-demographic data regarding the subject, the partner and the family of origin, as well as about medical, psychological and social risk circumstances related with pregnancy. As literature has been pointing out, in Portuguese as in other countries studies, we observed an over-representation of cases belonging to the most unprivileged population, despite the variability on the socio-demographics of the sample: low educational levels, precarious economic situations, unemployment and low qualification professions. Our results also indicate the high frequency of problems on the family of origin and of previous adverse life experiences regarding the adolescent, as well as the partner. We found other unfavorable circumstances, as commonly the pregnancy is not planned, not desired, not medically assisted and tobacco is used. Our data also suggest that one important dimension of the problem is the great changes that occur in several areas of the adolescent life, especially on their occupational status, marital status, familiar aggregate, and relationship with the partner, which is worse by the end of the pregnancy. In conclusion, this study alerts for several difficulties and risk conditions in which adolescent pregnancy may occurs and gives us the necessary better comprehension of the specificities related to this problem to the assistance of the real mother’s needs. It also shows that in many cases a supplementary help is justified, taking in account the adverse circumstances in which the pregnancy occurs that this article shows.
Description
Keywords
Gravidez na adolescência Características sociais e demográficas Circunstâncias adversas de existência Serviços de saúde Adolescent motherhood Socio-demographic characteristics Adverse life circumstances Health services
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 22(3), 551-570.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada