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Publication
Processo de mudança em psicoterapia existencial: perspectiva do paciente
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Abstract(s)
Problema: A grande maioria dos pacientes refere que a psicoterapia modifica a sua vida de forma importante. A dúvida corrente deixou de incidir sobre a eficácia ou o que ocorre durante a psicoterapia e passou a concentrar-se na identificação, descrição, explicação e antecipação dos efeitos que os processos ou mecanismos que promovem a mudança têm no cliente.
Objetivo: Compreender quais os principais fatores de mudança em psicoterapia existencial, segundo a perspetiva do paciente. Procura-se responder a: Quais são os fatores que influenciam o processo de mudança na perspetiva do paciente?; Quais as mudanças obtidas ao longo do processo terapêutico segundo o paciente?
Método: Estudo qualitativo de abordagem fenomenológica, tendo sido analisadas em profundidade seis entrevistas de um paciente que realizou 48 sessões de psicoterapia. Instrumento: aplicou-se a Entrevista De Mudança Do Cliente, uma entrevista semiestruturada.
Resultados: Emergiram vários ingredientes promotores da mudança relacionados com o efeito das intervenções do terapeuta, o processo terapêutico em si, o espaço/relação terapêutico/a e a perceção que o cliente tem do terapeuta, sendo a crença no processo terapêutico um fator central. Evidenciou-se também uma melhoria das relações interpessoais, a autorreflexão do sujeito. Destacando também as diferentes perspetivas sobre si e dos outros, e a responsabilização dos seus comportamentos.
Conclusão: Este estudo oferece um importante contributo no sentido de corroborar investigações prévias, acrescentar mais dados à literatura existente e articular os conhecimentos teóricos com a prática clínica existencial.
Problem: The vast majority of patients report that psychotherapy changed their life's significantly. The current question doesn't focus on the effectiveness or what happens during psychotherapy but began to focus on the identification , description , explanation and anticipation of the effects that the processes or mechanisms that promote change have on the client. Objective: Understanding what the main factors of change in existential psychotherapy are, according to the perspective of the patient. The question is : What are the factors that influence the process of change in the patient's perspective ?; What are the changes obtained during the therapeutic process according to the patient?. Method: Qualitative study of phenomenological approach having had analyzed in depth six interviews of a patient who underwent 48 sessions of psychotherapy. The instrument utilized was the Customer Change Interview a semi-structured interview . Results: Several ingredients of change emerged related to the effect of the therapist's interventions , the therapeutic process itself, the space / therapeutic relationship / and the perception that the client has of the therapist, and the belief in the therapeutic process as a central factor. The client also showed an improvement of interpersonal relationships, self-reflection of the self. Also highlighting the different perspectives about himself and others , and the accountability of his behavior. Conclusion: This study makes an important contribution towards corroborate previous investigations, adding more data to the existing literature and articulating the theoretical knowledge with the existential clinical practice.
Problem: The vast majority of patients report that psychotherapy changed their life's significantly. The current question doesn't focus on the effectiveness or what happens during psychotherapy but began to focus on the identification , description , explanation and anticipation of the effects that the processes or mechanisms that promote change have on the client. Objective: Understanding what the main factors of change in existential psychotherapy are, according to the perspective of the patient. The question is : What are the factors that influence the process of change in the patient's perspective ?; What are the changes obtained during the therapeutic process according to the patient?. Method: Qualitative study of phenomenological approach having had analyzed in depth six interviews of a patient who underwent 48 sessions of psychotherapy. The instrument utilized was the Customer Change Interview a semi-structured interview . Results: Several ingredients of change emerged related to the effect of the therapist's interventions , the therapeutic process itself, the space / therapeutic relationship / and the perception that the client has of the therapist, and the belief in the therapeutic process as a central factor. The client also showed an improvement of interpersonal relationships, self-reflection of the self. Also highlighting the different perspectives about himself and others , and the accountability of his behavior. Conclusion: This study makes an important contribution towards corroborate previous investigations, adding more data to the existing literature and articulating the theoretical knowledge with the existential clinical practice.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário para obtenção
do grau de Mestre com especialidade em Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Psicoterapia existencial Investigação em psicoterapia Processo de mudança Perspetiva do cliente Método fenomenológico Existential psychotherapy Psychotherapy research Change process Client perception Phenomenological method