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Narrativas e preditores sobre a motivação para cessar os comportamentos autolesivos
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A literatura tem destacado o papel da sintomatologia psicopatológica, do funcionamento
familiar e do pedido de ajuda no desenvolvimento e manutenção dos comportamentos
autolesivos (CAL), mas pouco se sabe sobre os fatores que contribuem para a motivação dos
adolescentes cessarem estes comportamentos. O presente estudo procurou explorar a narrativa
dos jovens acerca da motivação para cessar os CAL, bem como, analisar os conflitos familiares,
a vergonha, a ideação suicida e a depressão enquanto preditores desta motivação. Foi também
analisada a associação entre o pedido de ajuda e a predisposição dos jovens para abandonar os
CAL. A amostra final constituiu 438 adolescentes com historial de CAL, a quem foram
aplicadas escalas validadas para a população portuguesa, um questionário sociodemográfico e
uma pergunta de resposta aberta acerca das motivações apresentadas pelos jovens. Realizaram se análises correlacionais, regressão logística e contingência, bem como análise de conteúdo
das resposta abertas. Todas as variáveis apresentaram correlações significativas com a
motivação para cessar, mas apenas a ideação suicida e a depressão surgiram como preditores
significativos. A análise qualitativa identificou razões internas (e.g., perceção de risco e desejo
de bem-estar) e externas (e.g., apoio social) associadas ao desejo de parar. O pedido de ajuda
mostrou-se fortemente associado à motivação para a mudança. Os resultados sugerem que a
motivação para cessar e a cessação efetiva dos CAL correspondem a processos distintos. Esta
conclusão tem implicações clínicas relevantes, possibilitando a intervenção sobre os aspetos
motivacionais mais precocemente.
The literature has highlighted the role of psychopathological symptoms, family functioning, and help-seeking behavior in the development and maintenance of Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH). However, little is known about the factors that contribute to adolescents motivation to stop these behaviors. This study aimed to analyze adolescents narratives regarding their motivation to stop DSH, as well as to examine family conflicts, shame, suicidal ideation, and depression as potential predictors of this motivation. The association between help-seeking behavior and the adolescents predisposition to stop DSH was also analyzed. The final sample consisted of 438 adolescents with a history of DSH, who completed validated psychological scales for the Portuguese population, a sociodemographic questionnaire, and an open-ended question about their motivations. Correlational and logistic regression analyses were conducted, along with content analysis of the open-ended responses. All variables showed significant correlations with the motivation to stop, but only suicidal ideation and depression emerged as significant predictors. The qualitative analysis identified internal (e.g., risk perception and desire for well being) and external (e.g., social support) reasons associated with the desire to stop. Help seeking behavior was strongly associated with motivation for change. The results suggest that the motivation to stop and the actual cessation of DSH are distinct processes. This conclusion has important clinical implications, enabling early intervention targeting motivational aspects
The literature has highlighted the role of psychopathological symptoms, family functioning, and help-seeking behavior in the development and maintenance of Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH). However, little is known about the factors that contribute to adolescents motivation to stop these behaviors. This study aimed to analyze adolescents narratives regarding their motivation to stop DSH, as well as to examine family conflicts, shame, suicidal ideation, and depression as potential predictors of this motivation. The association between help-seeking behavior and the adolescents predisposition to stop DSH was also analyzed. The final sample consisted of 438 adolescents with a history of DSH, who completed validated psychological scales for the Portuguese population, a sociodemographic questionnaire, and an open-ended question about their motivations. Correlational and logistic regression analyses were conducted, along with content analysis of the open-ended responses. All variables showed significant correlations with the motivation to stop, but only suicidal ideation and depression emerged as significant predictors. The qualitative analysis identified internal (e.g., risk perception and desire for well being) and external (e.g., social support) reasons associated with the desire to stop. Help seeking behavior was strongly associated with motivation for change. The results suggest that the motivation to stop and the actual cessation of DSH are distinct processes. This conclusion has important clinical implications, enabling early intervention targeting motivational aspects
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clinica
Palavras-chave
Adolescência Comportamentos Autolesivos Motivação Ideação Suicida Pedido de Ajuda : Adolescence Deliberate Self-Harm Motivation Suicidal Ideation Help-Seeking