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Determinantes do distress psicológico na experiência migratória: Contributos para uma compreensão psicossocial
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O presente o estudo investigou relação os determinantes sociodemográticos e psicossociais do
distress psicológico em migrantes. Participaram no estudo 149 migrantes com idades entre os
20 e os 73 anos, de diferentes origens culturais, qualificações e percursos migratórios. Os
resultados de uma análise de clusters mostram dois perfis de migrantes, um com maior distress
psicológico, que também apresente um contexto sociodemográfico de maior instabilidade, e
um com menor distress associado a um contexto sociodemográfico de maior estabilidade.
Adicionalmente, o estudo procurou investigar a relação entre a aculturação e o distress
psicológico de migrantes em Portugal, examinando também o papel moderador da
discriminação percecionada (rejeição pessoal, tratamento injusto) e da necessidade psicológica
básica da autonomia (frustração com a autonomia, satisfação com a autonomia). Verificamos
que a aculturação não apresenta uma relação direta com o distress psicológico. A rejeição
pessoal e o tratamento injusto apresentaram-se como moderadores significativos da relação
entre a aculturação ao país de origem e o distress psicológico. Estas evidências reforçam a
necessidade de criar medidas multidisciplinares a um nível clínico, social e comunitário que
interliguem o nível psicológico com modelos psicossociais de compreensão da experiência
migratória, assim como integrem o contexto sociodemográfica dos migrantes.
The present study investigated the relationship between sociodemographic and psychosocial determinants of psychological distress among migrants. A total of 149 migrants participated in the study, aged between 20 and 73 years, from different cultural backgrounds, qualifications, and migration trajectories. The results of a cluster analysis show two profiles of migrants: one with higher psychological distress, which also presents a sociodemographic context of greater instability, and another with lower distress associated with a sociodemographic context of greater stability. Additionally, the study sought to investigate the relationship between acculturation and psychological distress among migrants in Portugal, also examining the moderating role of perceived discrimination (personal rejection, unfair treatment) and the basic psychological need for autonomy (autonomy frustration, autonomy satisfaction). We verified that acculturation does not present a direct relationship with psychological distress. Personal rejection and unfair treatment emerged as significant moderators of the relationship between acculturation to the country of origin and psychological distress. These findings reinforce the need to create multidisciplinary measures at the clinical, social, and community levels that interconnect the psychological level with psychosocial models of understanding the migratory experience, as well as integrate the sociodemographic context of migrants.
The present study investigated the relationship between sociodemographic and psychosocial determinants of psychological distress among migrants. A total of 149 migrants participated in the study, aged between 20 and 73 years, from different cultural backgrounds, qualifications, and migration trajectories. The results of a cluster analysis show two profiles of migrants: one with higher psychological distress, which also presents a sociodemographic context of greater instability, and another with lower distress associated with a sociodemographic context of greater stability. Additionally, the study sought to investigate the relationship between acculturation and psychological distress among migrants in Portugal, also examining the moderating role of perceived discrimination (personal rejection, unfair treatment) and the basic psychological need for autonomy (autonomy frustration, autonomy satisfaction). We verified that acculturation does not present a direct relationship with psychological distress. Personal rejection and unfair treatment emerged as significant moderators of the relationship between acculturation to the country of origin and psychological distress. These findings reinforce the need to create multidisciplinary measures at the clinical, social, and community levels that interconnect the psychological level with psychosocial models of understanding the migratory experience, as well as integrate the sociodemographic context of migrants.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA- Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Aculturação Distress psicológico Discriminação percecionada Necessidade psicológica básica da autonomia Migrantes Portugal Acculturation Psychological distress Perceived discrimination Basic psychological need for autonomy Migrants