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Sobre a equitação terapêutica: Uma abordagem crítica
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Propusemo-nos estudar o tema da Equitação Terapêutica,
numa óptica longitudinal. O relato da nossa perspectiva
histórica, com particular incidência na Idade Contemporânea,
permite compreender a situação presente. Assim,
destacamos alguns factores originários de uma cumplicidade
histórica vivida entre o Homem e o cavalo, desde
o período Pré-histórico até à actualidade. No século XX,
distinguimos alguns momentos que contribuíram de
forma decisiva para a moderna conceptualização da
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AP261B.QXD 28-05-2008 11:35 Page 99
equitação terapêutica: o sucesso de Liz Hartel nos Jogos
Olímpicos de 1952 e 1956; o surgimento do Modelo
Alemão; e os congressos internacionais.
A necessidade de credibilidade empírica dirigida à
aplicação terapêutica do cavalo, e da sua divulgação, é
posta em destaque assim como a sistematização desta
área, principalmente centrada em torno de um modelo
médico. A psicologia, sobretudo cognitivo-comportamental,
surge, inicialmente, através de abordagens ecléticas
integradas na Hipoterapia. Posteriormente, na última
década, a psicologia tem vindo a ocupar um lugar de crescente
notoriedade através da Equitação Psicoterapêutica,
nas diferentes abordagens teóricas (psicanálise, musicoterapia,
teoria dos arquétipos de Jung, teorias sistémicas,
bioenergéticas, psicodrama, existencialista, etc.) que pode
assumir.
A análise subjectiva a que nos propusemos teve o seu
enfoque em quatro aspectos complementares: a discordância
entre uma procura obcecada pela “prova” e o rigor
científico; a dificuldade na diferenciação das disciplinas
relativas à Equitação Terapêutica que limita tanto a capacidade
para intervir como as conclusões que podemos
retirar dos estudos efectuados; a dificuldade observada
na divulgação internacional da maioria dos trabalhos;
e, por último, a falta de soberania da FRDI enquanto entidade
internacional, representante da Equitação Terapêutica,
em 46 países.
ABSTRACTS: Our main purpose was to study the theme of Therapeutic Riding, in a longitudinal viewpoint. The account of our historical perspective, with particular incidence in the Contemporary Age, allows understanding the present situation. Thus, we emphasized some factors arising from an historical complicity lived between Man and horse, since the Prehistoric period up to the present time. In the 20th century, we distinguish some moments that contributed in a decisive way to the modern conceptualization of the therapeutic horseback riding: the success of Liz Hartel at the Olympic Games of 1952 and 1956; the sprouting of the German Model; and the international congresses. The need of empirical credibility related to the therapeutic application of the horse, and of its disclosure, is concurrently highlighted as well as the systematization of this area mainly centered on a medical model. The psychology, especially cognitive-behavioral, initially arises through eclectic approaches integrated in Hippotherapy. Subsequently, in the last decade, psychology has coming to occupy a place of growing notoriety through the psychotherapeutic riding, in the different theoretical approaches (psychoanalysis, music therapy, theory of the archetypes of Jung, systemic theories, bioenergetics, psychodrama, existentialism, etc.) that can assume. Our subjective analysis focused in four complementary aspects: the incongruity between an obsessed search for the “proof” and the scientific strictness; the difficulty to differentiate the Therapeutic Riding disciplines that limits so much the intervention’s capacity for intervene like the conclusions that we can withdraw from the studies already done; the observed difficulty in the international disclosure of the majority of the works; and at last, the lack of sovereignty from FRDI while international entity representative of the Therapeutic Riding in 46 countries
ABSTRACTS: Our main purpose was to study the theme of Therapeutic Riding, in a longitudinal viewpoint. The account of our historical perspective, with particular incidence in the Contemporary Age, allows understanding the present situation. Thus, we emphasized some factors arising from an historical complicity lived between Man and horse, since the Prehistoric period up to the present time. In the 20th century, we distinguish some moments that contributed in a decisive way to the modern conceptualization of the therapeutic horseback riding: the success of Liz Hartel at the Olympic Games of 1952 and 1956; the sprouting of the German Model; and the international congresses. The need of empirical credibility related to the therapeutic application of the horse, and of its disclosure, is concurrently highlighted as well as the systematization of this area mainly centered on a medical model. The psychology, especially cognitive-behavioral, initially arises through eclectic approaches integrated in Hippotherapy. Subsequently, in the last decade, psychology has coming to occupy a place of growing notoriety through the psychotherapeutic riding, in the different theoretical approaches (psychoanalysis, music therapy, theory of the archetypes of Jung, systemic theories, bioenergetics, psychodrama, existentialism, etc.) that can assume. Our subjective analysis focused in four complementary aspects: the incongruity between an obsessed search for the “proof” and the scientific strictness; the difficulty to differentiate the Therapeutic Riding disciplines that limits so much the intervention’s capacity for intervene like the conclusions that we can withdraw from the studies already done; the observed difficulty in the international disclosure of the majority of the works; and at last, the lack of sovereignty from FRDI while international entity representative of the Therapeutic Riding in 46 countries
Description
Keywords
Equitação terapêutica Medicina Reabilitação Psicoterapia Desporto Therapeutic riding Medicine Rehabilitation Psychotherapy Sports
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 26(1), 81-100
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada