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Eventos de vida e a estabilidade dos traços psicopáticos: um estudo em jovens adultos
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Abstract(s)
Devido à especificidade dos traços psicopáticos e a sua relação com o comportamento antissocial, requerem um maior nível de atenção social e clínico com o desenvolvimento de intervenções para combater a ingressão na criminalidade ou a reincidência. Assim, a presente investigação tem como objetivo analisar se os fatores como a escolaridade, religião, desporto, lazer e mudança de cidade estão associados a traços psicopáticos, e a mudanças nos mesmos, nas suas dimensões interpessoal, emocional e comportamental, numa amostra de jovens adultos da comunidade portuguesa. Esta amostra, no primeiro momento foi constituída por 617 jovens adultos, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 20 anos, e num segundo momento, uma subamostra desses 50 jovens foi novamente avaliada. Estes foram avaliados através do preenchimento de questionários de autorrelato: Questionário Geral sobre a Situação Geral e Familiar e o Inventário de Traços Psicopáticos em Adolescentes. Os resultados sugerem que ser do sexo feminino, e os fatores, mudança de cidade e escolaridade, estão associados a uma menor intensidade de traços de psicopatia nas dimensões emocional e comportamental. Contudo, mudanças nestes fatores no último ano não parecem estar associadas a mudanças significativas dos traços de psicopatia nos últimos 12 meses. Apenas, os fatores protetores desporto e escolaridade apresentaram associações marginalmente significativas com mudanças nas dimensões interpessoal e emocional, respetivamente. Assim, é necessário considerar o desporto e a escolaridade em estudos futuros, bem como continuar a desenvolver estudos ao longo do tempo sobre fatores protetores que possam estar associados a uma diminuição de traços psicopáticos.
Due to specificity of psychopathic traits and their relationship with antisocial behavior, they require a higher level of social and clinical attention with the development of interventions to combat crime aggression or recidivism. Thus, the present's research aims to understand and whether factors such as schooling, religion, sports, leisure and change of city, are associated with psychopathic traits, and changes in them, particularly in their interpersonal, emotional, and behavioral dimensions, in a sample of young adults from the Portuguese community. This sample, at first, consists of 617 young adults, aged between 18 and 20 years, and in a second moment, a subsample of these 50 young people was again evaluated. These young people were evaluated by completing self-report questionnaires: General Questionnaire on the General and Family Situation and the Youth Psychopathic Inventory- Short Version. The results suggest that gender female and factors, change of city and schooling are associated with a lower intensity of psychopathic traits in the emotional and behavioral dimensions. However, changes in these factors in the last year do not seem to be associated with significant changes in psychopathy traits in the last 12 months. Only the protective factors sport and schooling presented marginally significant associations with changes in interpersonal and emotional dimensions, respectively. Thus, it is essential to consider, sport and schooling in future studies, as well as it is essential to continue to develop studies on protective factors that are being associated with a decrease in psychopathic traits.
Due to specificity of psychopathic traits and their relationship with antisocial behavior, they require a higher level of social and clinical attention with the development of interventions to combat crime aggression or recidivism. Thus, the present's research aims to understand and whether factors such as schooling, religion, sports, leisure and change of city, are associated with psychopathic traits, and changes in them, particularly in their interpersonal, emotional, and behavioral dimensions, in a sample of young adults from the Portuguese community. This sample, at first, consists of 617 young adults, aged between 18 and 20 years, and in a second moment, a subsample of these 50 young people was again evaluated. These young people were evaluated by completing self-report questionnaires: General Questionnaire on the General and Family Situation and the Youth Psychopathic Inventory- Short Version. The results suggest that gender female and factors, change of city and schooling are associated with a lower intensity of psychopathic traits in the emotional and behavioral dimensions. However, changes in these factors in the last year do not seem to be associated with significant changes in psychopathy traits in the last 12 months. Only the protective factors sport and schooling presented marginally significant associations with changes in interpersonal and emotional dimensions, respectively. Thus, it is essential to consider, sport and schooling in future studies, as well as it is essential to continue to develop studies on protective factors that are being associated with a decrease in psychopathic traits.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Traços de psicopatia Fatores protetores Comportamento antissocial Estabilidade psicopática Desistência do crime Curso de vida Jovens adultos Protective factors Antisocial behavior Psychopathic stability Desistence from crime Life Course Young adults