FAMILIARIDADE E FLUÊNCIA-DE-PROCESSAMENTO: DUAS FACES DA MESMA MOEDA DISSOCIANDO EFEITOS E IMPACTO NO PROCESSAMENTO DA INFORMAÇÃO

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The informative value of type of repetition: Perceptual and conceptual fluency influences on judgments of truth

Publication . Silva, Rita Rocha da; Garcia-Marques, Teresa; Reber, Rolf

We contrast the effects of conceptual and perceptual fluency resulting from repetition in the truth effect. In Experiment 1, participants judged either verbatim or paraphrased repetitions, which reduce perceptual similarity to original statements. Judgments were made either immediately after the first exposure to the statements or after one week. Illusions of truth emerged for both types of repetition, with delay reducing both effects. In Experiment 2, participants judged verbatim and paraphrased repetitions with either the same or a contradictory meaning of original statements. In immediate judgments, illusions of truth emerged for repetitions with the same meaning and illusions of falseness for contradictory repetitions. In the delayed session, the illusion of falseness disappeared for contradictory statements. Results are discussed in terms of the contributions of recollection of stimulus details and of perceptual and conceptual fluency to illusions of truth at different time intervals and judgmental context conditions.

2017Journal article

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The differential effects of fluency due to repetition and fluency due to color contrast on judgments of truth

Publication . Silva, Rita Rocha da; Garcia-Marques, Teresa; Mello, Joana José de

Two experiments contrast the effects of fluency due to repetition and fluency due to color contrast on judgments of truth, after participants learn to associate high levels of fluency with falseness (i.e., a reversal of the fluency–truth link). Experiment 1 shows that the interpretation of fluency as a sign of truth is harder to reverse when learning is promoted with repetition rather than with perceptual fluency. Experiment 2 shows that when color contrast and repetition are manipulated orthogonally, the reversal of the truth effect learned with color contrast does not generalize to repetition. These results suggest speci- ficities in the processing experiences generated by different sources of fluency, and that their influences can be separated in contexts that allow the contrast of their distinctive features. We interpret and discuss these results in light of the research addressing the convergence vs. dissociation of the effects elicited by different fluency sources.

2015Journal article

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Hearing a statement now and believing the opposite later

Publication . Garcia-Marques, Teresa; Silva, Rita Rocha da; Reber, Rolf; Unkelbach, Christian

Existing findings on the truth effect could be explained by recollection of the statements presented in the exposure phase. In order to examine a pure fluency account of this effect,we tested a unique prediction that could not be derived from recollection of a statement. In one experiment, participants judged the truth of a statement that had the same surface appearance as a statement presented earlier but contradicted it, for example “crocodiles sleep with their eyes open” one week after having heard “crocodiles sleep with their eyes closed”.We predicted and found that participants judged contradictory statements as being more false than new statements after a delay of only a fewminutes, but judged them as more likely to be true after oneweek. In contrast to earlier findings, this result cannot be explained by accounts relying on recollection of the previously presented statements.

2015Journal article

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