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- Key recommendations for the implementation of policies concerning LGBTIQ+ childrenPublication . Langarita Adiego, Jose Antonio; Sadurní Balcells, Núria; Platero, Lucas; Gayou Lima Reis Esteves, Ana Mafalda; Albertín Carbó, Pilar; Montserrat, Carme; López-Sáez, Miguel Ángel; Pastor, Yolanda; Blanco-Fuente, IreneThe Colourful Childhoods project, funded by the European Union, has been implemented in six European Union countries (Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, and Spain) between 2022 and 2024. The project aimed to contribute to the development of effective strategies to prevent and combat all forms of violence against LGBTIQ children in vulnerable and post-COVID contexts. This text discusses the relevance of policies targeting LGBTIQ+ children, identifies some of the primary needs of LGBTIQ+ children to inform the development of public policies that enhance their well-being, presents the requirements of professionals working with children to provide effective support, and highlights political and legal needs. Additionally, the text provides recommendations that can contribute to the well-being of LGBTIQ+ children.
- A study of the influence of altruism, social responsibility, reciprocity, and the subjective norm on online prosocial behavior in adolescencePublication . Pastor, Yolanda; Pérez-Torres, Vanesa; Thomas-Currás, Helena; Lobato-Rincón, Luis Lucio; López-Sáez, Miguel Ángel; García, AlejandroABSTRACT: While the study of offline prosocial behavior has a long tradition, much less information is available about how these behaviors manifest and change in the digital environment, and little is known about their background. This paper evaluates differences by age and gender in a variety of attitudes and beliefs during adolescence and studies their influence on the online prosocial behavior emitted and received. A cross-sectional study was performed with 1299 participants aged between 14 and 20 from the Region of Madrid (Spain). The Spanish adaptation of the Online Prosocial Behavior Scale and a selection of items from various studies on attitudes and beliefs regarding altruism, direct and indirect reciprocity, social responsibility, and the perception of the subjective norm were administered. The results suggest that female adolescents maintain higher altruism, social responsibility, and indirect reciprocity than males, and that the older age group (18–20 years old) has higher scores in altruism, social responsibility, and direct reciprocity. Together with altruism, the subjective norm, social responsibility, and indirect reciprocity positively influence the online prosocial behavior emitted by adolescents. Indirect reciprocity, the subjective norm and altruism also influence the feeling of receiving online prosocial behaviors from others. Knowing the extent to which adolescents hold prosocial beliefs and which of these beliefs may favor prosocial online behaviors can be beneficial when promoting such beliefs and fostering more positive online conduct, as well as lessening cyberbullying, online hate and any other manifestation of aggressive behavior online
- High variability in aggression and habituation to the mirror assay in ornamental Siamese fighting fish Betta splendensPublication . Silva, Melina Coelho da; Canário, Adelino V. M.; Hubbard, Peter C.; Cardoso, Sara D.; Gonçalves, David; da Silveira Gonçalves, David Miguel; Pastor, YolandaUnderstanding consistent inter-individual variability in animal behaviour, known as personality traits, is essential for exploring the mechanisms and evolutionary consequences of behavioural diversity. Aggressive behaviour influences survival, resource acquisition, and reproduction, so clarifying individual differences can enhance our understanding of ecological dynamics and improve experimental design accuracy in behavioural studies. In this study, ornamental male Betta splendens, a model organism for aggression research, were analysed for intra- and inter-individual variability in aggressive responses to their mirror image—a standard method for assessing aggression in fish—once per week, and their consistency was evaluated over three consecutive weeks There were significant differences in aggressive behaviour across individuals, with coefficients of variation ranging from 29 to 60%. While most fish exhibited the full suite of aggressive displays, some showed no aggressive behaviour, while others only displayed threat behaviours but did not advance to the attacks. The consistency of individual threat and attack behaviours varied, but repeatability was high overall (intra-class correlation coefficients ≥ 0.5), indicating that individual fish have different levels of aggression. There was habituation to the mirror assay, with aggression decreasing significantly by the second week, though the degree of habituation, a form of learning, varied among individuals in some behaviours. Air-breathing frequency correlated positively with aggression behaviours and can be considered an indicator to infer aggression level in this species. These results indicate that inter-individual variation in aggressive behaviour and habituation to repeated testing using the mirror assay should be considered in aggression studies using and potentially in other species.