Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-06"
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- Parental control in different life contexts for paediatric cystic fibrosis patientsPublication . Paixão, Catiele; Alvarenga, Patrícia; Barros, Luisa; Souza, Edna LúciaAbstract: This study aimed to comprehensively describe parental control strategies (appropriate support, critical control or overprotection) in the distinct living contexts of paediatric cystic fibrosis patients (namely daily routine and peer interaction). Fourteen mothers and two fathers of children with cystic fibrosis participated in the study. Children’s ages ranged from 5 to 12 years old (M=7.00; SD=2.25). Participants answered the Interview on Childrearing Practices and The New Friends Vignettes and provided sociodemographic information concerning the family and clinical details about the child’s illness. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed. Appropriate support was the most frequently reported strategy in both contexts, with 83.9% in daily routine and 44.37% in peer interaction. In the daily routine context, reports of critical control were infrequent (15.68%), especially regarding the treatment for cystic fibrosis. In the peer interaction context, reports of overprotection were more frequent (38.48%) than reports of critical control (17.15%). Parents may be more flexible and responsive to children’s difficulties associated with treatments than to other types of disturbing behaviours in their daily routine, while problems in peer interactions tend to evoke overprotective strategies.
- Emotion socialization parenting practices of mother and father in adolescence : a systematic review of literaturePublication . Maia, Sara; Pereira, Ana IsabelAbstract: This paper reviews the available research exploring Emotion Socialization Parenting Practices (ESPP) of mothers and fathers of adolescents. PRISMA guidelines for systematic review were used to conduct the literature search. Seven studies that met the criteria were included, indicating insufficient research focusing simultaneously mother and fathers’ ESPP. In general, the studies presented good methodological quality. Results suggest that both parents show more positive ESPP than negative. However, mothers tend to have more positive ESPP than fathers and fathers tend to show more negative ESPP than mothers. The association of parental ESPP with adolescent’s psychological outcomes appears to vary with parent’s gender and with the type of outcomes (externalizing vs. internalizing symptoms). When considering the combined effects of mother and father ESPP, the results showed that parental consistency in the use of negative ESPP was associated with higher levels of adolescent psychopathology.
- Psychosocial assessment of lung cancer patients and their caregiversPublication . Clara, Cátia Andreia; Monteiro, Sara Otília Marques; Bártolo, Ana Cláudia PereiraAbstract: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common types of cancer disease worldwide. Studies in the field show that the appearance of a pathology of this form causes changes not only in the patient’s life, namely psychological problems, functional limitations and poorer health due to the clinical consequences of treatments, but also in their family, where caregivers often face the challenge of providing long-term daily care that induces a physical, psychosocial and financial burden (Borges et al., 2017; Hewitt et al., 2003; Tan et al., 2018). The main objective of the present study is to compare and relate the two groups (patients and caregivers) considering the quality of life (QoL) and symptoms of psychological distress (anxiety and depression). The total sample consisted of 30 patient/caregiver dyads. The instruments used were: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; European Organization for Research and Treatment of Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ C-30) and its specific module for lung cancer (LC13); Caregiver Oncology Quality of Life Questionnaire (CarGOQoL) and Zarit Burden Interview Scale (ZBI). The results suggest the influence of depressive symptomatology on patients’ QoL [F(1)=6.390; p<0.05] and depressive and anxious symptomatology and burden on caregivers’ QoL [F(3)=7.815; p<0.001]. A positive association was found between depressive symptomatology of patients and caregivers (r=0.458; p=0.011) and differences in anxious symptomatology were also observed, with a higher result in the patient’s group.
- Behavior as a stereotype cue : an European Portuguese pretest on age and gender stereotypesPublication . Cipriano, Margarida; Vaz, André Ribeiro; Rolho, Jéssica; Santos, Ana Sofia; Carneiro, PaulaAbstract: When it comes to the study of stereotypes, plenty of material can be of use. While personality traits tend to be the most commonly adopted, behavioral information can also be relevant, both in the study of stereotypes, as well as in other research fields (e.g., illusory correlations, memory and judgement and decision making). The purpose of this paper was to create a readily available list of behavioral sentences with stereotypicality ratings for both age (young to old) and gender (woman to man) categories, to be used in future studies. In two studies, participants judged age and gender stereotypicality of more than two hundred sentences in European Portuguese. Results were stable across both studies, using different methodologies (three alternative forced-choice task, in Study 1; bipolar rating scale, in Study 2). Relative frequencies for each choice, as well as average ratings, per behavior, are provided at the end.
- Openness Toward Organizational Change Scale (OTOCS): Validity Evidence from Brazil and PortugalPublication . Sinval, J.; Miller, Vernon D.
- Stereotypes, emotions, and behaviours in intergroup context in PortugalPublication . Nascimento, Teresa; Bianchi, MauroAbstract: Stereotype content has been much studied since the classic study by Katz and Braly (1933). The results obtained in these studies have been fundamental to building more complex experiments in order to explore the formation, purpose and maintenance of stereotypes. In Portugal, to our knowledge, the existing studies are quite scarce, and in some cases non-existent, particularly related to some social groups of interest. Furthermore, continuous social changes may bring variation in the meaning and importance of each attribute. The goal of this study is to explore and pre-test the stereotype content of 12 social groups in Portugal. Ninety-eight participants recruited online via social media responded to 35 stereotypic traits and their valence, 21 emotions and 12 behavioural tendencies related to these social groups. The results allow not only the selection of, for each group, the stereotypic traits, emotions, and behavioural tendencies that are significantly different from the midpoint of the scale, but also the identification of traits, emotions and behavioural tendencies that best seem to differentiate the different groups.
- Perfis de comportamento inibido e sintomas de ansiedade em idade pré-escolarPublication . Marques, Carina; Guedes, Maryse; Veríssimo, Manuela; Rubin, Kenneth H.; Santos, António J.Resumo: A inibição comportamental (IC) em idade pré-escolar pode ser definida com o retraimento biologicamente determinado perante pessoas, situações e atividades novas e associa-se a um risco acrescido de se vir a desenvolver sintomas de ansiedade. Apesar da IC não ser um conceito unitário, poucos estudos até à data procuraram caracterizar diferentes subgrupos de crianças, com recurso a medidas multidimensionais de relato parental, e compará-los relativamente à manifestação de sintomas de ansiedade. Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar diferentes perfis de crianças com IC e explorar se estes diferentes perfis se distinguem ao nível da sintomatologia ansiosa. Centro e oito mães de crianças, com uma média de idade de 54 meses preencheram o Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire e o Preschool Anxiety Scale. Foram identificados dois perfis: crianças com níveis elevados, e médios de IC. As crianças com níveis elevados de IC apresentaram mais sintomas de ansiedade generalizada, ansiedade social e medo de danos do que as crianças com níveis médios de IC. Estas diferenças foram de maior magnitude para os sintomas de ansiedade social. Os resultados obtidos veem reforçar a importância de se intervir precocemente com as crianças que, já nas idades pré-escolares, evidenciem níveis elevados de IC.
- Aventuras do Búzio e da Coral – Benefícios do jogo de prevenção universal do abuso sexual para crianças em idade escolarPublication . Alexandre, Joana Dias; Agulhas, Rute; Carvalho, Helena; Lopes, CatarinaResumo: O abuso sexual é uma problemática com elevada prevalência e com um impacto negativo muito significativo na vida de uma criança ou jovem, da sua família e da comunidade. Neste contexto, é fundamental disseminar a utilização de materiais de prevenção universal. No presente artigo procurou-se avaliar em que medida o jogo “Vamos prevenir! As aventuras do Búzio e da Coral” (Agulhas et al., 2016), destinado a crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 10 anos de idade, promove um conjunto de conhecimentos para lidar com a problemática do abuso sexual. Para o efeito, foi levado a cabo um estudo quantitativo (com pré e pós teste), com uma amostra de 101 crianças dessa faixa etária e de ambos os sexos, que jogaram o jogo. Os resultados demonstram que as crianças avaliam o jogo de uma forma muito positiva, verificando-se uma diminuição estatistica mente significativa de respostas incorretas e de respostas incertas do pré-teste (i.e., antes de jogar o jogo) para o pós-teste (i.e., após jogar o jogo). Ainda que modestos, estes resultados apontam para a importância de apostar em materiais que procurem aumentar a compreensão das crianças sobre os riscos e potenciar fatores de proteção no âmbito da problemática do abuso sexual.
- Effortful control assessed by parental report and laboratory observation and adjustment in early childhoodPublication . Pereira, Ana Maria; Pereira, Ana Isabel; Marques, TeresaAbstract: Effortful control is a key aspect of children’s self-regulation showing a remarkable progress in early childhood. This study explored the relationship between effortful control, externalizing and internalizing problems and prosocial behaviour in young children. The sample was composed by 31 Portuguese children, aged between 3 and 6-years-old, and their parents. Effortful control was assessed by behavioural tasks (Tower of Patience, Bead Sorting) and the very short form of the Child Behavior Questionnaire administered to the parents. Internalizing and externalizing problems, as well as prosocial behaviour, were measured through the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, answered by the parents. The results show that higher levels of effortful control are related to less externalizing problems and higher levels of prosocial behaviour. No significant associations were found between effortful control and internalizing problems. The mechanisms that may explain the different patterns of associations between effortful control and internalizing and externalizing problems in early childhood are discussed.
- Norming studies of European Portuguese words : a literature reviewPublication . Félix, Sara B.; Pandeirada, Josefa N. S.Abstract: Words are widely used as stimuli in cognitive and linguistic research. As words may vary on various domains (e.g., lexicosemantic and affective), which can influence performance in many ways, it is essential to select them carefully. However, databases of European Portuguese words are still relatively scarce, and their presentation is spread in various sources. The aims of this work were: (1) to provide a review of the databases containing information on lexicosemantic, affective, and free association norming data for European Portuguese words published since the year 2000; (2) to summarize the definitions of the different variables; and (3) to combine in a single database the norming data available at this point. We found 25 databases with 18 containing lexicosemantic and affective norming data and seven containing word free association norms. These databases include words from various categories (e.g., nouns and adjectives), characterized on different variables (e.g., familiarity, imagery, valence, age of acquisition and animacy). This review provides a useful tool for researchers looking for Portuguese word-related resources. A thorough review of the databases, including some details about each one, is presented. The combined database is shared with the scientific community via the Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/9ta3y/.