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Publication
O impacto psicológico de práticas de justiça restaurativa nas vítimas de crimes : uma revisão sistemática
Abstract(s)
Problema: A justiça restaurativa surge como uma abordagem teórico-prática do sistema jurídico
criminal, na qual a reparação do dano na vítima é a componente central. Contudo, a crescente
produção empírica referente aos efeitos desta abordagem nas vítimas mostra-se, por vezes,
redutora ou dispersa pela literatura, incidindo apenas, geralmente, na avaliação da satisfação das
mesmas. Objectivo: O presente trabalho pretendeu avaliar de forma sistemática a produção
empírica no âmbito da justiça restaurativa, de modo a agregar e examinar informação presente
na literatura relativa aos impactos psicológicos nas vítimas que participaram em práticas
restaurativas. Método: Foi feita uma pesquisa em bases de dados electrónicas de forma a
identificar estudos quantitativos, qualitativos e mistos, publicados entre Janeiro de 2000 e
Dezembro de 2020, que se reportassem a impactos de natureza psicológica em vítimas reais de
crimes, participantes em mediações ou conferências vítima-ofensor. Resultados: Foram
identificados 35 estudos que incidem sobre os impactos psicológicos nas vítimas, decorrentes
das práticas restaurativas. Estes estudos mostraram efeitos na sintomatologia pós-traumática, nas
emoções/afectos e necessidades emocionais criadas pela vitimização, assim como nas percepções
das vítimas quanto aos seus ofensores. Conclusões: Este estudo permitiu concluir que as práticas
de justiça restaurativa, impactam positivamente as vítimas a nível psicológico, persistindo alguns
destes impactos ao longo do tempo.
Background: Restorative justice emerges as a theoretical-practical approach to the criminal legal system, in which the reparation of damage of the victim is a central point. However, the growing empirical production referring to the effects of this approach on victims is sometimes shown to be weakened or dispersed, focusing mainly on their satisfaction. Objective: The present work intended to systematically evaluate the empirical production of restorative justice field, in order to aggregate and examine information in the literature regarding the psychological impacts on victims who participated in restorative practices. Methods: A search was made using electronic databases in order to identify quantitative, qualitative and mixed studies, published between January 2000 and December 2020, that reported psychological impacts on real victims of crimes, who participated in mediations/conferences victim-offender. Results: Thirty-five studies were identified by focusing on the psychological impacts on victims, resulting from restorative practices. These studies have shown effects on post-traumatic symptomatology, on the emotions/affects and emotional needs created by victimization, as well as on the victims’ perceptions of their offenders. Conclusions: The present research allowed to conclude that restorative justice practices have a positive psychological impact on victims, and that some of these impacts persist over time.
Background: Restorative justice emerges as a theoretical-practical approach to the criminal legal system, in which the reparation of damage of the victim is a central point. However, the growing empirical production referring to the effects of this approach on victims is sometimes shown to be weakened or dispersed, focusing mainly on their satisfaction. Objective: The present work intended to systematically evaluate the empirical production of restorative justice field, in order to aggregate and examine information in the literature regarding the psychological impacts on victims who participated in restorative practices. Methods: A search was made using electronic databases in order to identify quantitative, qualitative and mixed studies, published between January 2000 and December 2020, that reported psychological impacts on real victims of crimes, who participated in mediations/conferences victim-offender. Results: Thirty-five studies were identified by focusing on the psychological impacts on victims, resulting from restorative practices. These studies have shown effects on post-traumatic symptomatology, on the emotions/affects and emotional needs created by victimization, as well as on the victims’ perceptions of their offenders. Conclusions: The present research allowed to conclude that restorative justice practices have a positive psychological impact on victims, and that some of these impacts persist over time.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Revisão sistemática Justiça restaurativa Conferência vítima ofensor Mediação vítima ofensor Vítimas Impactos psicológicos Systematic review Restorative justice Conference/mediation Victim-offender Victims Psychological impacts