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Fantasias, atitudes e ajustamento materno ao primeiro mês de vida da criança: Abordagem psicológica a puerperas em isolamento e no pós-parto distócico
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O objectivo desta investigação centrou-se em saber
que Fantasias maternas existem em puerperas sujeitas
a partos ditos difíceis e, ou, em situação de separação
e isolamento em comparação com puerperas de
partos eutócicos, ou seja, partos normais. Existiriam diferenças entre as primeiras e as segundas mães nas
suas fantasias e como estariam estas relacionadas com
o tipo de Ajustamento Materno e Atitudes Maternas
presenciados ao fim de um mês de vida da Criança?
Seriam essas atitudes e ajustamento materno
diferentes nos grupos em estudo? Foram estas as
hipóteses que pretendemos averiguar.
As hipóteses foram testadas através do material
recolhido resultante da utilização de dois instrumentos
de medida: o Teste de Apercepção Temática (T.A.T.),
de Murray e o Auto-Questionário sobre Atitudes
Maternas e Ajustamento Materno (M.A.M.A.),
versão pós-natal de Kumar e col..
O delineamento é quase experimental, de carácter
exploratório. Os sujeitos foram recolhidos
aleatoriamente da população de puerperas da
Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa, em Lisboa. As
amostras foram constituídas em quatro grupos:
Grupo de Controle (Partos Eutócicos - mães
separadas dos bebés); Grupo Experimental 1 (Partos
Distócicos/Cesarianas - mães separadas dos bebés);
Grupo Experimental 2 (Partos Distócicos/Forceps -
mães separadas dos bebés); Grupo Experimental 3
(Partos Eutócicos - mães separadas).
Houve dois momentos de avaliação: um no pós-
-parto precoce, outro quatro semanas após o parto,
no mínimo.
Os resultados obtidos do tratamento estatístico
infirmam a Hipótese 1, a de que existem diferenças
significativas nas fantasias maternas a que o grupo
de controle e os grupos experimentais pertencem, e
confirmam a Hipótese 2, a de que as atitudes e o
ajustamento materno após um mês de parto são
diferentes nesses grupos.
ABSTRACT: The goals of this investigation were to determine the nature of maternal fantasies occuring in primiparous mothers who had difficult childbirths. The groups were mothers with cesarian, forceps and normal deliveries which were isolated or separated from their child, and a control group consisting of normal childbirths with no isolation or separation of mother and child. The hypothesis studied the following problem: are there any differences between the groups in maternal fantasies, attitudes and adjustment, measured approximately four weeks apart ? The hypothesis were tested through data collected by two psychological assessements: two pictures from the Thematic Apperception Test (T.A.T.) by H. Murray, and the Self-Questionnaire of Maternal Attitudes and Maternal Adjustment (M.A.M.A.), version Pos-Natal by Kumar & Robson. The design is semi-experimental and basically exploratory. The subjects were composed of four groups: the Control Group (Normal Childbirth - mother not separated or isolated from baby); and three other groups ali separated or isolated from babies. The differences between them were in the type of deliveries. There were two evaluations: the first measuring the fantasies after birth, and the second measuring maternal attitudes and adjustments four weeks after childbirth. The results obtained from statistical procedures did not confirm our first hypothesis; there were no significant differences between the Control group and Experimental groups, in relation to fantasies. Concerning our second hypothesis: there were significant differences between the Control group and Experimental groups in relation to Maternal Ajustment an Maternal Attitudes which were confirmed by statistical procedures.
ABSTRACT: The goals of this investigation were to determine the nature of maternal fantasies occuring in primiparous mothers who had difficult childbirths. The groups were mothers with cesarian, forceps and normal deliveries which were isolated or separated from their child, and a control group consisting of normal childbirths with no isolation or separation of mother and child. The hypothesis studied the following problem: are there any differences between the groups in maternal fantasies, attitudes and adjustment, measured approximately four weeks apart ? The hypothesis were tested through data collected by two psychological assessements: two pictures from the Thematic Apperception Test (T.A.T.) by H. Murray, and the Self-Questionnaire of Maternal Attitudes and Maternal Adjustment (M.A.M.A.), version Pos-Natal by Kumar & Robson. The design is semi-experimental and basically exploratory. The subjects were composed of four groups: the Control Group (Normal Childbirth - mother not separated or isolated from baby); and three other groups ali separated or isolated from babies. The differences between them were in the type of deliveries. There were two evaluations: the first measuring the fantasies after birth, and the second measuring maternal attitudes and adjustments four weeks after childbirth. The results obtained from statistical procedures did not confirm our first hypothesis; there were no significant differences between the Control group and Experimental groups, in relation to fantasies. Concerning our second hypothesis: there were significant differences between the Control group and Experimental groups in relation to Maternal Ajustment an Maternal Attitudes which were confirmed by statistical procedures.
Description
Keywords
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 8, 377-388
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada