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Genetic differences in reactivity to the environment impact psychotic-like and affective reactivity in daily life neus
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Background and Hypothesis: Consistent with diathesisstress models, psychosis research has focused on genetic
moderation of adverse environmental exposures. In contrast, the Differential Susceptibility (DS) model suggests
that the same genetic variants that increase risk-inducing
effects of adverse experiences also enhance benefcial effects from positive experiences. This study examined
whether individuals with high genetic susceptibility to the
environment showed differential psychotic-like and affective reactivity in response to positive and negative events in
daily life. Study Design: Experience sampling methodology
assessed context (positive and stressful) and momentary
levels of paranoia, psychotic-like experiences (PLE), and
positive (PA) and negative affect (NA) in 217 non-clinical
adults oversampled for schizotypy. Linear mixed models
examined whether Polygenic Risk Scores of Environmental
Sensitivity (PRS-ES) moderated the impact of current context on subsequent experiences. Study Results: PRS-ES
moderated positive, but not stressful, context on subsequent
levels of momentary paranoia, NA, and PA, but not PLE.
Genetic and environmental (G × E) interactions indicated
diathesis-stress at lower thresholds of PRS-ES, but a DS
model at the highest threshold of the PRS-ES. Participants
with elevated PRS-ES showed increased paranoia and NA
and decreased PA in subsequent assessments when reporting low levels of positive situations, but also decreased
paranoia and NA and increased PA when rating contexts
as positive. Conclusions: Findings support the infuence of
genetic sensitivity to the environment on psychotic-like and
affective reactivity in daily life, particularly in response to
positive contexts. This highlights the transdiagnostic protective role of positive experiences and informs ecological
momentary interventions.
Description
Keywords
Schizotypy Psychosis Gene–environment interaction
Citation
Barrantes-Vidal, N., Torrecilla, P., Papiol, S., Rosa, A., Mas-Bermejo, P., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Kwapil, T. R. (2025). Genetic differences in reactivity to the environment impact psychotic-like and affective reactivity in daily life. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 51(2), S74–S84. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad162
Publisher
Oxford University Press