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Da percepção de custos a construção de ganhos : Um estudo longitudinal de 4 anos
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Abstract(s)
Baseando-se nos dois modelos que Piaget utilizou,
em momentos diferentes, para explicar a passagem do
pensamento pré-operatório ao operatório, a hipótese da
percepção de custosíconstrução de ganhos defende que
o desenvolvimento do altruísmo na criança traduz um
movimento da centração (Le., percepção de custos)
para a compensação (i.e., construção de ganhos).
Neste estudo, avaliou-se a capacidade das crianças
para perceberem custosíconstruirem ganhos em actos
pró-sociais numa amostra longitudinal de 20 crianças
aos 5, 7 e 9 anos de idade, e também a sua conduta
pró-social numa situação de dádiva anónima aos 7 e 9
anos. De acordo com a hipótese da percepção de
custosíconstrução de ganhos, os resultados mostraram
(1) que a competência para construir ganhos evoluiu,
de modo significativo, com a idade; e (2) que tal
competência estava associada a sua conduta pró-social
na situação de dádiva anónima. Estes dados fortalecem
a nossa perspectiva Piagetiana para o desenvolvimento
do altruísmo na criança.
ABSTRACT: Drawing on the two micromodels Piaget used, in succession, to account for the child’s transition from preoperational to operational thought, the costperceptionígain- construction hypothesis maintains that children’s development of altruism represents a movement from centration (i.e., cost-perception) to compensation (i.e., gain-construction). Children’s cost-perceptionígain-construction competence was assessed over a 4-year period, when they were aged five (TI), seven (T2), and nine (T3). Children’s altruistic donations in an opportunity-to-donate situation were determined at both T2 and T3. Consistent with the cost-perceptionígain-construction hypothesis, the results showed (1) that children’s competence to construct gain in prosocial dilemmas moved upwards (i.e., from cost-perception to gainconstruction), and (2) that children’s gain-construction competence was positively related to their donations in the opportunity-to-donate situation. these results seem to strengthen our Piagetian approach to children’s development of altruism.
ABSTRACT: Drawing on the two micromodels Piaget used, in succession, to account for the child’s transition from preoperational to operational thought, the costperceptionígain- construction hypothesis maintains that children’s development of altruism represents a movement from centration (i.e., cost-perception) to compensation (i.e., gain-construction). Children’s cost-perceptionígain-construction competence was assessed over a 4-year period, when they were aged five (TI), seven (T2), and nine (T3). Children’s altruistic donations in an opportunity-to-donate situation were determined at both T2 and T3. Consistent with the cost-perceptionígain-construction hypothesis, the results showed (1) that children’s competence to construct gain in prosocial dilemmas moved upwards (i.e., from cost-perception to gainconstruction), and (2) that children’s gain-construction competence was positively related to their donations in the opportunity-to-donate situation. these results seem to strengthen our Piagetian approach to children’s development of altruism.
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Pedagogical Context
Citation
Análise Psicológica. 9(4), 497-505
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada