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- Effect of exercise training interventions on energy intake and appetite control in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and metaāanalysisPublication . Beaulieu, Kristine; Blundell, John; Van Baak, Marleen; Battista, Francesca; Busetto, Luca; CarraƧa, Eliana V.; Dicker, Dror; Encantado, Jorge; Ermolao, Andrea; Farpour-Lambert, Nathalie; Pramono, Adriyan; Woodward, Euan; Bellicha, Alice; Oppert, Jean-MichelThis systematic review examined the impact of exercise training interventions on energy intake (EI) and appetite control in adults with overweight/obesity (ā„18āyears including older adults). Articles were searched up to October 2019. Changes in EI, fasting appetite sensations, and eating behavior traits were examined with random effects meta-analysis, and other outcomes were synthesized qualitatively. Forty-eight articles were included (median [range] BMIā=ā30.6 [27.0-38.4] kg/m2 ). Study quality was rated as poor, fair, and good in 39, seven, and two studies, respectively. Daily EI was assessed objectively (Nā=ā4), by self-report (Nā=ā22), with a combination of the two (Nā=ā4) or calculated from doubly labeled water (Nā=ā1). In studies rated fair/good, no significant changes in pre-post daily EI were found and a small but negligible (SMDā<ā0.20) postintervention difference when compared with no-exercise control groups was observed (five study arms; MDā=ā102 [1, 203] kcal). There were negligible-to-small pre-post increases in fasting hunger and dietary restraint, decrease in disinhibition, and some positive changes in satiety and food reward/preferences. Within the limitations imposed by the quality of the included studies, exercise training (median duration of 12āweeks) leads to a small increase in fasting hunger and a small change in average EI only in studies rated fair/good. Exercise training may also reduce the susceptibility to overconsumption (PROSPERO: CRD42019157823).
- Effect of exercise training on psychological outcomes in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and metaāanalysisPublication . CarraƧa, Eliana V.; Encantado, Jorge; Battista, Francesca; Beaulieu, Kristine; Blundell, John; Busetto, Luca; Van Baak, Marleen; Dicker, Dror; Ermolao, Andrea; Farpour-Lambert, Nathalie; Pramono, Adryan; Woodward, Euan; Bellicha, Alice; Oppert, Jean-MichelThis study systematically identified the effects of exercise on multiple psychological outcomes among adults with overweight/obesity, also assessing whether these effects differed across exercise types, genders, age, and body mass index (BMI) categories. Pubmed, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and SportDiscus were searched up to October 2019 for peer-reviewed papers assessing exercise training effects on psychosocial outcomes in adults with overweight/obesity. Thirty-six articles, 32 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), were included in this review. Most interventions were supervised (65%), ranging between 6 and 76āweeks (medianā=ā12). Sixteen psychological outcomes were studied. Exercise induced positive changes in quality of life but did not reduce depression. Large effect sizes were observed on quality of life's physical component, but exercise was also able to improve vitality and mental health. Most psychological outcomes (e.g., body image, anxiety, and perceived stress) are poorly studied, evidencing either conflicting or null exercise effects. Exercise self-efficacy and autonomous motivations were also consistently improved. Exercise types and gender seem to moderate exercise psychological effects. Exercise training programs might lead to positive changes in some psychological outcomes, especially in quality of life, in adults with overweight and obesity, but more studies, with greater systematization in program characteristics, and longer follow-ups are still required to allow more solid conclusions.
- Exercise training in the management of overweight and obesity in adults: Synthesis of the evidence and recommendations from the European Association for the Study of Obesity Physical Activity Working GroupPublication . Oppert, Jean-Michel; Bellicha, Alice; Baak, Marleen Van; Battista, Francesca; Beaulieu, Kristine; Blundell, John; CarraƧa, Eliana V.; Encantado, Jorge; Ermolao, Andrea; Pramono, Adriyan; FarpourāLambert, Nathalie; Woodward, Euan; Dicker, Dror; Busetto, LucaThere is a need for updated practice recommendations on exercise in the management of overweight and obesity in adults. We summarize the evidence provided by a series of seven systematic literature reviews performed by a group of experts from across Europe. The following recommendations with highest strength (Grade A) were derived. For loss in body weight, total fat, visceral fat, intra-hepatic fat, and for improvement in blood pressure, an exercise training program based on aerobic exercise at moderate intensity is preferentially advised. Expected weight loss is however on average not more than 2 to 3ākg. For preservation of lean mass during weight loss, an exercise training program based on resistance training at moderate-to-high intensity is advised. For improvement in insulin sensitivity and for increasing cardiorespiratory fitness, any type of exercise training (aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic or resistance) or high-intensity interval training (after thorough assessment of cardiovascular risk and under supervision) can be advised. For increasing muscular fitness, an exercise training program based preferentially on resistance training alone or combined with aerobic training is advised. Other recommendations deal with the beneficial effects of exercise training programs on energy intake and appetite control, bariatric surgery outcomes, and quality of life and psychological outcomes in management of overweight and obesity.