Percorrer por autor "IJzendoorn, Marinus H. van"
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- Early parenting and infant–parent attachment: Developmental origins of psychotic experiencesPublication . Hidalgo, Andrea P. Cortes; Bolhuis, Koen; Tiemeier, Henning; Bakermans‐Kranenburg, Marian J.; IJzendoorn, Marinus H. vanIntroduction: The infant–parent relationship is theorized to be related to the origins of psychotic experiences, given the key role of infant–parent attachment and early-life caregiving in children’s neurodevelopmental trajectories. Yet, the magnitude of this association is not well understood, and research is often based on self-reports. We examined the relationship of disconnected and extremely insensitive parenting and disorganized infant attachment with the occurrence of psychotic experiences in childhood and adolescence. We additionally examined the role of maternal experiences of loss, a hypothesized antecedent of disconnected parenting, disorganized attachment, and psychotic experiences. Methods: This prospective study ( N = 627) is embedded in the Generation R Study. Maternal experiences of loss within 2 years of the child’s birth were self-reported. Parenting behaviors (based on continuous scores) and the infant–parent attachment were observed when infants were 14 months old. Psychotic experiences were self-reported via questionnaires at ages 10 and 14 years. We used a structural equation model adjusted for covariates to assess the association between maternal loss experiences, parenting behaviors, infant disorganized attachment, and psychotic experiences. Results: Extreme insensitive parenting was associated with more hallucinations and delusions at age 14 years (hallucinations OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.07–1.66; delusions OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.02–1.68). Disorganized infant attachment and disconnected parenting were not related to psychotic experiences. Maternal experiences of loss were not associated with psychotic experiences, and we found no evidence for a pathway between maternal experiences of loss, parenting behaviors, or disorganized attachment, and subsequent psychotic experiences. Conclusion: This study suggests that the role of disorganized infant–parent attachment in the risk of psychotic experiences of children from the general population might be smaller than expected. Instead, our results suggest that adverse caregiving behaviors related to harsh and maltreating parenting very early in development may predict psychotic experiences in adolescence.
- Exploring associations between infant attachment, maternal sensitivity, and attention to maternal emotion expressionsPublication . Peltola, Mikko J.; Biro, Szilvia; Huffmeijer, Rens; Sinisalo, Hanneli; Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian; IJzendoorn, Marinus H. vanRecent studies have indicated that patterns of infant‐caregiver attachment are associated with differences in infants’ processing of social signals of emotion, such as facial expressions. In the current longitudinal study we extended this line of research to social signals of actual attachment figures by investigating whether 7‐month‐old infants’ neural and attentional responses to their mother's angry and happy facial expressions are associated with infants’ attachment security to the mother at 12 months of age. At 7 months , we measured event‐related potentials (ERP) to the mother's angry and happy faces and attention dwell times to the mother's and a stranger's angry and happy faces, and maternal sensitivity was assessed during free play. At 12 months (n = 69), infant attachment was assessed with the Strange Situation procedure. In infants who were later classified as having secure attachment, the Nc ERP component indexing attention allocation was larger to maternal happy than angry expressions, whereas no difference in Nc amplitudes to maternal facial expressions was observed in infants with later insecure attachment. We speculate that this may indicate greater approach motivation triggered by the reward value of happy faces in securely attached infants through repeated experiences of positive interaction with the caregiver. Studies have indicated that different patterns of infant‐caregiver attachment are associated with infants’ processing of emotion expressions. We investigated whether infants’ attachment security is related to attentional and neural responses to their mother's facial expressions. Infants with secure attachment displayed larger attention‐related brain responses to their mother's happy than angry faces, no difference was found in insecurely attached infants.This may indicate greater reward value associated with happy faces in securely attached infants through repeated experiences of positive interaction with the caregiver.