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Agressividade e retraimento social na adolescência: Relações com a vinculação, regulação emocional e depressão
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender de que forma a segurança percebida na
relação com as figuras parentais e as estratégias de regulação emocional adotadas,
influenciam a agressividade e o retraimento social em adolescentes, bem como a sua
relação com a sintomatologia depressiva. Foi utilizada uma amostra parcial de um projeto
de investigação financiado pela FCT, constituída por 52 adolescentes do 7º, 8º e 9º ano
de escolaridade, dos quais 23 são do sexo feminino e 29 do sexo masculino. De forma a
estudar as variáveis, foram utilizados como instrumentos o Extended Class Play (ECP),
o Kerns Security Scale (KSS), o Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for Children and
Adolescents (ERQ-CA) e o Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Foi realizada uma
análise de variância multivariada, de forma a analisar os efeitos do Sexo (masculino e
feminino) e do tipo de Grupo (retraídos não-agressivos, retraídos agressivos, controlo e
agressivos não-retraídos). Os resultados revelam que uma maior segurança na relação de
vinculação com as figuras parentais está associada a menores níveis de agressividade. Em
contrapartida, jovens com uma relação de vinculação insegura e dificuldades em regular
as emoções, principalmente aqueles que recorrem a estratégias de supressão emocional,
tendem a desenvolver mais sintomas depressivos. Observou-se também que os
participantes do grupo retraídos agressivos se encontram numa situação de maior risco,
uma vez que tendem, não só, a internalizar as emoções, o que leva ao retraimento social,
como também, a externalizá-las, nomeadamente através de comportamentos agressivos.
ABSTRACT: This study aims to understand how the perception of security in a relationship with parental figures and the adopted emotional regulation strategies influence aggressiveness and social withdrawal in adolescents, as well as their relationship with depressive symptoms. A partial sample of a research project funded by FCT was used, consisting of 52 adolescents from the 7th, 8th and 9th grades, of which 23 are female and 29 male. In order to study the variables, the Extended Class Play (ECP), the Kerns Security Scale (KSS), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) were used as instruments. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed in order to analyze the effects of Sex (male and female) and type of Group (non-aggressive withdrawn, aggressive withdrawn, control and non-withdrawn aggressive). The results reveal that greater security in the attachment relationship with parental figures is associated with lower levels of aggressiveness. On the other hand, young people with an insecure attachment relationship and difficulties in regulating emotions, especially those who resort to emotional suppression strategies, tend to develop more depressive symptoms. It was also observed that the participants of the aggressive withdrawn group are in a situation of greater risk, since they tend not only to internalize emotions, which leads to social withdrawal, but also to externalize them, namely through aggressive behaviors.
ABSTRACT: This study aims to understand how the perception of security in a relationship with parental figures and the adopted emotional regulation strategies influence aggressiveness and social withdrawal in adolescents, as well as their relationship with depressive symptoms. A partial sample of a research project funded by FCT was used, consisting of 52 adolescents from the 7th, 8th and 9th grades, of which 23 are female and 29 male. In order to study the variables, the Extended Class Play (ECP), the Kerns Security Scale (KSS), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) were used as instruments. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed in order to analyze the effects of Sex (male and female) and type of Group (non-aggressive withdrawn, aggressive withdrawn, control and non-withdrawn aggressive). The results reveal that greater security in the attachment relationship with parental figures is associated with lower levels of aggressiveness. On the other hand, young people with an insecure attachment relationship and difficulties in regulating emotions, especially those who resort to emotional suppression strategies, tend to develop more depressive symptoms. It was also observed that the participants of the aggressive withdrawn group are in a situation of greater risk, since they tend not only to internalize emotions, which leads to social withdrawal, but also to externalize them, namely through aggressive behaviors.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada
no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Agressividade Retraimento social Vinculação Regulação emocional Depressão Adolescência Aggressiveness Social withdrawal Attachment Emotional regulation Depression Adolescence